{"id":171540,"date":"2002-06-04T15:48:15","date_gmt":"2002-06-04T15:48:15","guid":{"rendered":"tn-import:\/\/a_tn2_qqqcolumn_list\/361"},"modified":"2002-06-04T15:48:15","modified_gmt":"2002-06-04T15:48:15","slug":"tn_a_tn2_qqqcolumn_list_361","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/?p=171540","title":{"rendered":"\ucd5c\uc591\uc5c5 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc758 \ud65c\ub3d9"},"content":{"rendered":"

 
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\ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc758 \ud65c\ub3d9<\/SPAN> <\/P>
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26.1.1 \uac00\uc815 \ud658\uacbd<\/SPAN> <\/P>
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  \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5(\uc871\ubcf4\uba85 \ucd5c \uc815\uad6c, 1821-1861)\uc740 1821\ub144 \ucda9\uccad\ub3c4 \ud64d\uc8fc \uc9c0\ubc29\uc758 \ub2e4\ub798\uace8(\ub2e4\ub77d\uace8 \ub610\ub294 \ub204\uace1, \uc9c0\uae08\uc758 \ucda9\uccad\ub0a8\ub3c4 \uccad\uc591\uad70 \ud654\uc131\uba74 \ub18d\uc554\ub9ac \ub204\ub3d9)\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd5c \uc601\ud658(\ud504\ub780\uce58\uc2a4\uaf2c)\uacfc \uc774 \uc131\ub840(\ub9c8\ub9ac\uc544)\uc758 \uc5ec\uc12f \ub0a8\ub9e4 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c \uccab\uc9f8 \uc544\ub4e4\ub85c \ud0dc\uc5b4\ub098 \ud1a0\ub9c8\uc2a4\ub77c\ub294 \uc138\ub840\uba85\uc73c\ub85c \uc601\uc138\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc2e0\uc720\ub300\ubc15\ud574(1801) \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 \uadf8\uc758 \ubd80\uce5c\uc740 \uc880\ub354 \uc790\uc720\ub86d\uac8c \uc2e0\uc559\uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \uacbd\uae30\ub3c4 \uacfc\ucc9c \uc9c0\ubc29\uc758 \uc218\ub9ac\uc0b0 \uad50\uc6b0\ucd0c\uc5d0 \uc815\ucc29\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5\uc740 \uc2e0\uc559\uc2ec \uae4a\uc740 \ubd80\ubaa8\ub4e4 \ubc11\uc5d0\uc11c \uce5c\ucc99\ub4e4\uc758 \uc21c\uad50\uc815\uc2e0\uc744 \uc774\uc5b4\ubc1b\uc73c\uba74\uc11c \uacbd\uac74\ud55c \uc2e0\uc559\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc131\uc7a5\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ucd5c \uc601\ud658\uc740 \ub9e4\uc77c \uc9d1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\ud574\uc9c4 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \uc790\ub140\ub4e4\uc744 \ubaa8\uc544\ub193\uace0 \uc601\uc801 \ub3c5\uc11c, \ubb35\uc0c1\uacfc \uae30\ub3c4\uc758 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70 \uc2e0\uc559\uc744 \uc99d\uac70\ud55c \uc9d1\uc548 \uc21c\uad50\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub97c \ub4e4\ub824\uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4. <\/SPAN><\/P>
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  \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5\uc774 \uc5b4\ub9b4 \ub54c\ubd80\ud130 \ub4e3\uace0 \ubcf8\ubc1b\uace0\uc790 \ud588\ub358 \uc21c\uad50\uc790\ub85c\uc11c \uc744\ud574\ubc15\ud574(1815) \uc911\uc5d0 \uacbd\uc0c1\ub3c4 \uccad\uc1a1 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc5d0\uc11c \uc7a1\ud600 \ub300\uad6c \uac10\uc601\uc758 \uac10\uc625\uc5d0\uc11c \uc21c\uad50\ud55c \ucd5c \uc131\uc5f4(\ubc14\ub974\ubc14\ub77c)\uacfc \uadf8\uc758 \uc0ac\uc704\uc778 \ucd5c \ubd09\ud55c(\ud504\ub780\uce58\uc2a4\uaf2c)\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \ucd5c \ubc14\ub974\ubc14\ub77c\ub294 \ud568\uaed8 \uccb4\ud3ec\ub41c \uc11c \uc11d\ubd09(\uc548\ub4dc\ub808\uc544)\uc774 \uc625\uc0ac\ub85c \uc21c\uad50\ud55c \ud6c4\uc5d0 \ud639\ub3c5\ud55c \ud615\ubc8c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uc2e0\uc559\uc744 \uc99d\uac70\ud558\uace0 1816\ub144\uc5d0 40\uc138\uc758 \ub098\uc774\ub85c \uce58\uba85\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ucd5c \ubd09\ud55c\uc740 \uc785\uad50\ud55c \ud6c4\uc5d0 \uace0\ud5a5\uc778 \ud64d\uc8fc \ub2e4\ub798\uace8\uc744 \ub5a0\ub098 \uacf5\uc8fc \ubb34\uc131\uc0b0\uc5d0 \uc0b4\uc558\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc8fc \ubb38\ubaa8 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc5d0\uac8c \uc131\uc11c\uc640 \uc131\ubb3c\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \ub450\uc5c8\ub2e4\uac00 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc758 \uc21c\uad50 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc228\uaca8 \ubcf4\uad00\ud558\uc600\uace0 \uacbd\uc0c1\ub3c4 \uccad\uc1a1 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc758 \ub178\ub798\uc0b0\uc73c\ub85c \uc740\uc2e0\ud558\uc5ec \uc720\ubbfc\ub4e4\uc744 \ubaa8\uc544 \uad50\uc6b0\ucd0c\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4 \ud68c\uc7a5\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. <\/SPAN><\/P>
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  \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d4 \ub3c5\uc2e0\uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \uacb0\uc2ec\ud55c \ucd5c \ubd09\ud55c\uc740 \uce5c\uc9c0\ub4e4\uc758 \uad8c\uc720\ub85c \ucd5c \ubc14\ub974\ubc14\ub77c\uc758 \ub538\uacfc \uacb0\ud63c\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ucd5c \ud504\ub780\uce58\uc2a4\uaf2c\ub294 \ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc790\uae30\uc758 \uacc4\ud68d\uc744 \uc2e4\ucc9c\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \uac83\uc744 \ud6c4\ud68c\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \ud654\ubaa9\ud55c \uac00\uc815\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uace0 \uc0b4\uc558\ub2e4. 1815\ub144 \ubd80\ud65c \ub300\ucd95\uc77c\uc5d0 \uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uae30\ub3c4\ub97c \ub4dc\ub9ac\uace0 \uc788\uc744 \ub300\uc5d0 \uc804 \uc9c0\uc218(\uc804 \uc9c0\uc21c \ub610\ub294 \uc804 \uc9c0\uc190)\ub77c\ub294 \ubc30\uad50\uc790\uc758 \uc548\ub0b4\ub85c \ub4e4\uc774\ub2e5\uce5c \ud3ec\uc878\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc7a1\ud600 \uc7a5\uc778 \uc7a5\ubaa8 \ub4f1 \uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uacbd\uc8fc \uc9c4\uc601\uc5d0 \uc555\uc1a1\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc7a5\ubaa8\uac00 \ud639\ub3c5\ud55c \ud615\ubc8c\ub85c \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc30\uad50\uc758 \ub73b\uc744 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0b4\uc790 \uad8c\uc720\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e0\uc559\uc744 \uc9c0\ud0a4\uac8c \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uccb4\ud3ec\ub420 \ub54c \uadf8\ub294 \uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc2ec\ubb38\ubc1b\uc744\ub54c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc744 \uc790\uae30\uc5d0\uac8c \ucc45\uc784 \uc804\uac00\ud558\ub77c\uace0 \uc77c\ub7ec\uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \ucd5c \ud504\ub780\uce58\uc2a4\uaf2c\ub294 \uac00\uc7a5 \uac00\ud639\ud55c \uace0\ubb38\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uace0 \ub300\uad6c \uac10\uc601\uc5d0 \uc774\uc1a1\ub41c \ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uacc4\uc18d\ud558\uc5ec \ubb34\uc11c\uc6b4 \ud615\ubc8c\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \uae30\uc808\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \uc6a9\uac10\ud558\uac8c \uc2e0\uc559\uc744 \uc9c0\ucf30\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc0ac\ud615 \uc120\uace0\ub97c \ubc1b\uc558\uc73c\ub098 \uace0\ubb38\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \uc0dd\uae34 \uc0c1\ucc98 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 1815\ub144 5\uc6d4(\uc74c\ub825)\uc5d0 30\uc138\uc758 \ub098\uc774\ub85c \uc21c\uad50\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. <\/SPAN><\/P>
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<\/SPAN><\/P>
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26.1.2 \uc720\ud559 \ubc0f \uadc0\uad6d<\/SPAN> <\/P>
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  \uc21c\uad50\uc790 \uc9d1\uc548\uc758 \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5\uc740 \ubaa8\ubc29 \ub098 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc5d0\uac8c \uac04\ud0dd\ub418\uc5b4 \uc608\ube44 \uc2e0\ud559\uc0dd\uc774 \ub418\uc5c7\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \ucd5c \ubc29\uc81c(\ud504\ub780\uce58\uc2a4\uaf2c)\uc640 \uae40 \ub300\uac74(\uc548\ub4dc\ub808\uc544)\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uba3c\uc800 1836\ub144 2\uc6d4 6\uc77c \uc131\uc18c \uc9c0\ubc29\uc790\ub85c \ubf51\ud614\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \ub450 \ub3d9\ub8cc\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc911\uad6d\uc5b4\uc640 \ub77c\ud2f4\uc5b4 \uad50\uc721\uc744 \ubc1b\uace0 \uadf8\ud574 12\uc6d4 2\uc77c\uc5d0 \uc870\uc120 \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc7a5\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc21c\uba85\uc744 \uc120\uc11c\ud558\uace0 \uc77c\uc8fc\uc77c \ud6c4\uc5d0 \ud55c\uc591\uc744 \ub5a0\ub098 \ub2e4\uc74c\ud574\uc778 1837\ub144 6\uc6d4 6\uc77c \ub9c8\uce74\uc624\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc870\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \ub0b4\uc131\uc801\uc774\uc5c8\ub358 \ucd5c \ud1a0\ub9c8\uc2a4\ub294 \uacbd\uac74\ud55c \uc2e0\uc2ec\uacfc \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub09c \uc7ac\ub2a5, \ubcc0\ud568\uc5c6\ub294 \uc778\ub0b4\uc2ec\uacfc \uaddc\uce59\uc801\uc778 \ud589\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\ubc94\uc801\uc778 \uc2e0\ud559\uc0dd\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. <\/SPAN><\/P>
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  1842\ub144 4\uc6d4\uc5d0 \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5 \uc2e0\ud559\uc0dd\uc740 \uc544\ud3b8\uc804\uc7c1(1841-1842) \uc911\uc5d0 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc774\uad8c\uc744 \uc5bb\uace0\uc790 \uadf9\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ud30c\uacac\ub418\ub294 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \uad70\ud568\uc778 \u2018\ud30c\ubcf4\ub9ac\ub728\ud638\u2019\ub97c \ud0c0\uace0 \uc694\ub3d9 \uad50\uad6c\ub85c \ub5a0\ub098\ub294 \ube0c\ub93c\uae30\uc560\ub974 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \ub9c8\uce74\uc624\ub97c \ub5a0\ub098 8\uc6d4 23\uc77c\uc5d0 \uc591\uc790\uac15 \uc5b4\uadc0\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \uadf8\ub294 2\uac1c\uc6d4 \uc804\uc5d0 \uc5d0\ub9ac\uace4\ud638\ub97c \ud0c0\uace0 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud55c \uae40 \ub300\uac74 \uc2e0\ud559\uc0dd\uc744 \ub9cc\ub098 \ud568\uaed8 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \uad70\ud568\uc744 \ud0c0\uace0 \uc870\uc120\uc5d0 \uc785\uad6d\ud558\ub824\uace0 \uacc4\ud68d\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \ud568\uc7a5\uc774 \ub9c8\ub2d0\ub77c\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uac00\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4 \uae40 \ub300\uac74\uacfc \ud5e4\uc5b4\uc838 \ube0c\ub93c\uae30\uc560\ub974 \uc2e0\ubd80\ub97c \ub530\ub77c \ubabd\uace0 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc73c\ub85c \ub5a0\ub0ac\ub2e4. <\/SPAN><\/P>
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  \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5\uc740 \ud314\uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2e0\ud559 \uacf5\ubd80\ub97c \ud558\ub358 \uc911, 1843\ub144\uc5d0 \uc870\uc120 \uad6d\uacbd\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4\uac14\ub2e4\uac00 \ub418\ub3cc\uc544\uc628 \uae40 \ub300\uac74\uc744 \ud1b5\ud558\uc5ec \uc870\uad6d\uc758 \uae30\ud574\ub300\ubc15\ud574(1839)\uc640 \ubd80\ubaa8\uc758 \uc21c\uad50 \uc18c\uc2dd\uc744 \ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc18c\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5\uc740 \ud6c4\uc5d0 \ud30c\ub9ac \uc678\ubc29 \uc804\uad50\ud68c \uc18c\uc18d \uc2e0\ud559\uad50\uc758 \uad50\uc7a5\uc778 \ub974\uadf8\ub808\uc870\uc544 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc5d0\uac8c \ubcf4\ub0b8 \ud3b8\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc2ec\uc815\uc744 \ud1a0\ub85c\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \u201c\uc800\ub294 \ub9e4\uc2a4\ub728\ub974 \uc2e0\ubd80\ub2d8\uacfc \uc548\ub4dc\ub808\uc544 \ud615\uc81c\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc788\uc73c\uba74\uc11c \uc804\ub2a5\ud558\uc2e0 \ucc9c\uc8fc\ub2d8\uaed8 \uc800\uc758 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uacfc \uc0c1\ubd09\ud558\ub294 \ud589\ubcf5\uc744 \ud5c8\ub77d\ud574 \uc8fc\uc2e4 \ub0a0\uc744 \ub208\ubb3c\uacfc \ube44\ud1b5 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\ub2e4\ub9ac\uace0 \uc788\uc74d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uace0\uad6d\uc758 \uc18c\uc2dd\uc740 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc2ac\ud508 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc800\ub294 \uc800\ud76c \ubd80\ubaa8 \ud615\uc81c\ub4e4\uc758 \ub4a4\ub97c \ub530\ub97c \uc790\uaca9\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc73c\ub2c8 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ubd88\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\uae4c? \uadf8\ub54c\uc5d0 \uadf8 \uc790\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uc758 \uc6a9\uc0ac\ub85c\uc11c \uc0ac\uba85\uc744 \uc644\uc218\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uc600\uc74d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc800\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac \ub3d9\ud3ec\ub4e4, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc800\uc758 \uce5c\ucc99\ub4e4\uacfc \ube44\uad50\ud560 \ub54c\uc5d0 \ub108\ubb34\ub098 \ubb34\ub825\ud558\uace0 \ud5c8\uc57d\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc9c4\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\ub044\ub7fd\uac8c \uc0dd\uac01\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5b8\uc81c \uc800\ub3c4 \ubd80\ubaa8\ub2d8\ub4e4\uc758 \uace0\ud1b5\uacfc \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uc758 \uc218\ub09c\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud569\ub2f9\ud55c \uc2e0\uc790\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uaca0\uc74d\ub2c8\uae4c?\u201d <\/SPAN><\/P>
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  \ucd5c \ud1a0\ub9c8\uc2a4\ub294 \ud314\uac00\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \uae40 \ub300\uac74\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uc2e0\ud559 \uacf5\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc5f4\uc911\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc2e0\uc559\uc774 \ub450\ud130\uc6b4 23\uc138\uc758 \uccad\ub144\uc73c\ub85c \uc131\uc7a5\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. 1844\ub144\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub294 \uc0ac\uc81c\uc11c\ud488\uc744 \ubc1b\uae30\uc5d0 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc2e0\ud559 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uacfc \uc2e0\uc2ec\uc744 \uac16\ucd94\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098 \uc544\uc9c1 \uc811\uc815 \ub098\uc774(24\uc138)\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uc5ec \ubd80\uc81c\ud488\ub9cc \ubc1b\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. 1845\ub144 1\uc6d4\uc5d0 \uae40 \ub300\uac74 \ubd80\uc81c\uac00 \uadc0\uad6d\ud55c \ud6c4\uc5d0 \ucd5c \ud1a0\ub9c8\uc2a4 \ubd80\uc81c\ub3c4 \ub9e4\uc2a4\ub728\ub974 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc870\uad6d\uc758 \ubcf5\uc74c\ud654\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uc785\uad6d\uc758 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uc5ff\ubcf4\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. 1846\ub144 1\uc6d4\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub294 \uc870\uc120\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ubaa9\ud65c\ub3d9\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \ud398\ub808\uc62c \uc8fc\uad50\uc758 \uc8fc\uc120\uc73c\ub85c \ub9e4\uc2a4\ub728\ub974 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \ub450\ub9cc\uac15 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \uad6d\uacbd \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc778 \ud6c8\ucd98(\ub9cc\uc8fc) \uc7a5\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c \uc870\uc120\uc758 \uc548\ub0b4 \uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uc744 \ub9cc\ub098\uae30\ub85c \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \uac1c\uc7a5\uc774 \ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \ub9cc\uc8fc \uad70\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc7a1\ud600 \uc625\uace0\ub97c \uce58\ub974\uace0 \uc694\ub3d9 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc73c\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uac14\ub2e4. <\/SPAN><\/P>
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  \uadf8\ub294 \uc694\ub3d9 \uad50\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6b4\uc601\ud558\ub294 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \uc18c\ub144\ub4e4\uc744 \uac00\ub974\uce58\uba74\uc11c \uc870\uc120 \uc7a0\uc785\uc758 \ubc29\ub3c4\ub97c \uac15\uad6c\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. 1846\ub144 12\uc6d4\uc5d0 \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5 \ubd80\uc81c\ub294 \uc870\uc120 \uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uc744 \ub9cc\ub098 \uc785\uad6d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294 \ud76c\ub9dd\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \ub9e4\uc2a4\ub728\ub974 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc911\uad6d \uad6d\uacbd(\ubcc0\ubb38)\uc5d0 \ub098\uac14\uc73c\ub098 \ubcd1\uc624\ubc15\ud574\ub85c \uad6d\uacbd\uc120\uc758 \uac10\uc2dc\uac00 \uc5c4\uc911\ud560 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc0dd\uac01\uc5d0 \ubc1c\uae38\uc744 \ub3cc\ub9b4 \uc218\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uadf8\ub294 \ud398\ub808\uc62c \uc8fc\uad50\uac00 \ud0dd\ud55c \ud574\ub85c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud55c \uc7a0\uc785\ub85c\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc544 1847\ub144 \ucd08\uc5d0 \ud64d\ucf69\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc804\ud55c \ud30c\ub9ac \uc678\ubc29 \uc804\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uacbd\ub9ac\ubd80\ub85c \uac14\ub2e4. <\/SPAN><\/P>
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  \uc774\uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd5c \ubd80\uc81c\ub294 \ub77c\uc090\uc5d0\ub974 \ud568\uc7a5\uc758 \uad70\ud568\uc774 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud55c \ucc99\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 1846\ub144 6\uc6d4\uc5d0 \uc138\uc2e4 \uc81c\ub3c5\uc774 \uc804\ub2ec\ud55c \ubb38\ucc45\uc11c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub2f5\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc1b\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \uc870\uc120 \uc655\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c \ucd9c\ubc1c\ud558\uac8c \ub41c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc54c\uace0 \ub9e4\uc2a4\ub728\ub974 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc2b9\uc120\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 1847\ub144 8\uc6d4\uc5d0 \uc870\uc120\uc73c\ub85c \ud5a5\ud558\ub358 \uad70\ud568\uc774 \uc88c\ucd08\ub418\uc5b4 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \uad70\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc804\ub77c\ub3c4 \uace0\uad70\uc0b0\ub3c4(\uace0\uad70\ub3c4)\uc5d0 \uae34\uae09 \ub300\ud53c\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\ub54c \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5\uc740 \ud1b5\uc5ed \uc77c\uc744 \ub9e1\uc544\ubcf4\uba74\uc11c \uc2e0\uc790\ub4e4\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0 \ub178\ub825\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc \uc2e0\uc790\ub97c \ub9cc\ub098 \uad50\uc6b0 \ubc30\ub97c \ud0c0\uace0 \uc785\uad6d\ud558\uae30\ub85c \uc57d\uc18d\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uadf8\ub294 \uc601\uad6d\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\uc120\uc774 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud558\uc5ec 8\uc6d4 26\uc77c\uc5d0 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \uad70\ub300\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc0c1\ud574\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uac14\ub2e4. \uc774\ub54c \ucd5c \ubd80\uc81c\ub294 \uc57d\uc18d\ud55c \uad50\uc6b0 \ubc30\uac00 \uc624\uae30\ub97c \uae30\ub2e4\ub9ac\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\uaca0\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \ud568\uc7a5\uc740 \uc704\ud5d8\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc8fc\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5\uc740 \ub450 \ucc28\ub840(1848\ub144, 1849\ub144)\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \uc785\uad6d\uc744 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \uc131\uacf5\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. <\/SPAN><\/P>
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  1849\ub144 \ubd80\ud65c\ub300\ucd95\uc77c\uc5d0 \ucd5c \ud1a0\ub9c8\uc2a4 \ubd80\uc81c\ub294 \uc0c1\ud574\uc5d0\uc11c \uac15\ub0a8 \uad50\uad6c\uc7a5\uc778 \ub9c8\ub808\uc2a4\uae4c \uc8fc\uad50\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0ac\uc81c\uc11c\ud488\uc744 \ubc1b\uace0 5\uc6d4\uc5d0 \uc694\ub3d9 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc11c \uc870\uc120 \uc785\uad6d\uc758 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uae30\ub2e4\ub9ac\uba74\uc11c \ubd80\uc8fc\uad50\uc778 \ubca0\ub974\ub1cc \uc7a5 \uc2e0\ubd80 \ubc11\uc5d0\uc11c 7\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub3d9\uc548 \ubcd1\uc790 \ubc29\ubb38, \uc131\uc0ac \uc9d1\ud589, \uad50\ub9ac \uad50\uc721 \ub4f1\uc758 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\ubaa9 \uc2e4\uc2b5\uc744 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. 1849\ub144 11\uc6d4 \ub9d0\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub294 \ud398\ub808\uc62c \uc8fc\uad50\uc758 \uba85\ub839\uc744 \ubc1b\uace0 \ub9e4\uc2a4\ub728\ub974 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc911\uad6d \uad6d\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc870\uc120 \uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uc744 \ub9cc\ub0ac\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc2e0\uc911\uc744 \uae30\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \ub9e4\uc2a4\ub728\ub974 \uc2e0\ubd80\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0 \ub0a8\uaca8\ub450\uace0 \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5 \uc2e0\ubd80\ub9cc\uc774 \uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 12\uc6d4\uc5d0 \ubcf4\ucd08\ub4e4\uc774 \uc138\ucc2c \ubc14\ub78c\uacfc \ud639\ub3c5\ud55c \ucd94\uc704\ub85c \uac74\ubb3c\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \ubb34\uc0ac\ud788 \uad00\ubb38\uc744 \ud1b5\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec \ud55c\uc591\uc73c\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc654\ub2e4.    <\/SPAN><\/P>
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26.1.3 \uc0ac\ubaa9\ud65c\ub3d9\uacfc \uc120\uc885<\/SPAN> <\/P>
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  \ud55c\uc591\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud558\uc5ec \ud558\ub8e8\ub97c \ubb35\uc740 \ucd5c\uc591\uc5c5 \uc2e0\ubd80\ub294 \uc911\ubcd1\uc744 \uc553\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ub2e4\ube14\ub93c \uc548 \uc2e0\ubd80\ub97c \ubb38\ubcd1\ud558\uc5ec \ubcd1\uc790\uc131\uc0ac\ub97c \ubca0\ud480\uace0 \ucda9\uccad\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uba38\ubb3c\uace0 \uc788\ub358 \ud398\ub808\uc62c \uc8fc\uad50\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uc5ec \uadc0\uad6d \uc778\uc0ac\ub97c \ub4dc\ub9b0 \ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc804\ub77c\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c\ubd80\ud130 12\ub144 \ub3d9\uc548\uc758 \uc0ac\ubaa9 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ucc29\uc218\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 6\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc804\ub77c\ub3c4, \uacbd\uc0c1\ub3c4, \ucda9\uccad\ub3c4, \uac15\uc6d0\ub3c4, \ud3c9\uc548\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uad50\uc6b0\ucd0c\uc744 \uc21c\ud68c\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc608\ube44\uc790\ub97c \ucc3e\uc544 \uc138\ub840\ub97c \ubca0\ud480\uace0 \uc2e0\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc8c4\uace0\ubc31\uc744 \ub4e3\uace0 \ubbf8\uc0ac \uc131\uc81c\ub97c \uc9d1\uc804\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ucd5c \uc2e0\ubd80\ub294 \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0 \uc21c\ud68c \ubc29\ubb38 \uc911\uc5d0 \uc678\uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uace0\ubc1c\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \uccb4\ud3ec\ub420 \uc704\ud5d8\ub3c4 \uacaa\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098 \ucca0\uc885\uc758 \uc989\uc704\ub85c \ucc9c\uc8fc\uad50\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc15\ud574\uac00 \uc644\ud654\ub418\uc5b4 \ube44\uad50\uc801 \uc790\uc720\ub86d\uac8c \ud65c\ub3d9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc0ac\ubaa9 \ubc29\ubb38 \uc911\uc5d0 \uac00\ub09c\uacfc \uace0\ud1b5\uc5d0 \uc2dc\ub2ec\ub9ac\ub294 \uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uc744 \uc704\ub85c\ud558\uace0 \ud2b9\ud788 \uc678\uad50\uc778 \uac00\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2e0\uc559\uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \ubabb\ud558\ub294 \uc5ec\uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9d1\uc548 \uc2dd\uad6c \ubaa8\ub974\uac8c \uc131\uc0ac\ub97c \ubca0\ud480\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uadf8\ub294 \uc8fc\ubbfc\ub4e4\uc758 \ubcd1\uace0\uc5d0 \ub3d9\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uac04\uc9c8, \uac01\ud608 \ubd80\uc885 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc6d0\uc778\uc774 \ub098\uc05c \ubb3c\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uace0 \ubb3c\uc744 \uc815\ud654\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc57d\uacfc \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uac00\ub974\uccd0 \ub2ec\ub77c\uace0 \ub85c\uadf8\ub808\uc870\uc544 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc5d0\uac8c \ud3b8\uc9c0\ub97c \ubcf4\ub0b4\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc0ac\ubaa9\ud65c\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ud5cc\uc2e0\ud55c \ucd5c \uc2e0\ubd80\ub294 \ud53c\ub85c\uc640 \ubcd1\uace0\uc5d0 \uc2dc\ub2ec\ub9b0 \uc801\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub450\ubc88\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\ub2e4. <\/SPAN><\/P>
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  \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5 \uc2e0\ubd80\ub294 \uc0ac\ubaa9\ud65c\ub3d9 \uc774\uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubc88\uc5ed\uacfc \uc800\uc220\uc5d0 \uc885\uc0ac\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \ub2e4\ube14\ub93c \uc2e0\ubd80\ub97c \ub3c4\uc640 \uad50\ud68c\uc0ac \uc790\ub8cc\ub97c \uc218\uc9d1\ud558\uc5ec \ub77c\ud2f4\uc5b4\ub85c \ubc88\uc5ed\ud558\uc5ec \ud30c\ub9ac \uc678\ubc29 \uc804\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \ubcf8\ubd80\uc5d0 \ubcf4\ub0b4\uc5b4 \ud6c4\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ub808\uc758 \u300c\ud55c\uad6d \ucc9c\uc8fc\uad50\ud68c\uc0ac\u300d\uac00 \ubc1c\uac04\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uadf8\ub294 \uae30\ub3c4\uc11c\uc778 \u300c\uc131\uad50 \uacf5\uacfc\u300d\uc640 \uad50\ub9ac\uc11c\ub97c \ubc88\uc5ed\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e0\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc2e0\uc2ec \uac15\ud654\uc640 \uad50\ub9ac \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc758 \uc2ec\ud654\uc5d0 \uc774\ubc14\uc9c0\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc544\uc6b8\ub7ec \ud398\ub808\uc62c \uc8fc\uad50\uac00 \uc99d\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub97c \ucc38\uace0\ud558\uc5ec \uae30\ub300\ud574\ubc15\ud574 \uc911\uc5d0 \uc2e0\uc559\uc744 \uc99d\uac70\ud55c \uc21c\uad50\uc790\uc640 \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0 \ucca8\ubd80\ud558\uc5ec \ubcd1\uc624\ubc15\ud574\uc758 \uc21c\uad50\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ubd88\uc5b4\ub85c \uae30\ub85d\ud55c \uac1c\uc815 \uc99d\ubcf4\ud310\uc758 \u300c\uae30\ud574\uc77c\uae30\u300d \ubc0f \u300c\ubcd1\uc624\uc77c\uae30\u300d\ub97c \ub77c\ud2f4\uc5b4\ub85c \ubc88\uc5ed\ud558\uc5ec \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uad50\ud68c\uc0ac \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc744 \uc8fc\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ucd5c \ud1a0\ub9c8\uc2a4 \uc2e0\ubd80\ub294 \uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uc758 \uad50\ub9ac \uc9c0\uc2dd \ud568\uc591\uacfc \uc2e0\uc2ec\uc0dd\ud65c \ud65c\uc131\ud654\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uc870\uc120\uc758 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801 \uac00\uc0ac \ubb38\ud559\uc778 \uc0ac\uc0ac\uc870 \uac00\uc0ac\uccb4\ub85c \u300c\ucc9c\uc8fc\uac00\uc0ac\u300d\ub97c \uc800\uc220\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ud2b9\ud788 \uae00\uc744 \ubaa8\ub974\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4\uacfc \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774 \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubd80\ub140\uc790\ub4e4\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \uc800\uc220\ub41c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. <\/SPAN><\/P>
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  \uc870\uad6d \uc0ac\ubaa9\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \ud5cc\uc2e0\ud55c \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5 \uc2e0\ubd80\ub294 \uc0ac\ubaa9\ud65c\ub3d9 12\ub144 \ub9cc\uc778 1861\ub144 6\uc6b0\ub7ec\uc5d0 \uc8fc\uad50\uc5d0\uac8c \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \ubcf4\uace0 \ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud55c\uc591\uc73c\ub85c \uc62c\ub77c\uc624\ub294 \ub3c4\uc911\uc5d0 \uae09\ud658\uc73c\ub85c \uc120\uc885\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc758 \uc8fd\uc74c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \ubca0\ub974\ub1cc \uc8fc\uad50\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ub9d0\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \u201c\ucd5c \uc2e0\ubd80\ub294 12\ub144 \ub3d9\uc548 \uac70\ub8e9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc81c \uc9c1\ubd84\uc744 \uc900\uc218\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc744 \uac10\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \uc601\ud63c \uad6c\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ud798\uc368 \uc131\uacf5\ud558\uc600\uc74d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc758 \uc8fd\uc74c\uc740 \ub098\ub97c \ubab9\uc2dc \ub09c\ucc98\ud558\uac8c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac00 \uc131\ubb34\ub97c \uc9d1\ud589\ud558\ub358 \uad6c\uc5ed\uc5d0\ub294 \ucee4\ub2e4\ub780 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ubb34\ub985\uc4f0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0\uc11c\ub294 \uc11c\uc591 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\uac00 \ub6ab\uace0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \ub9ce\uc740 \ub9c8\uc744\uc774 \uc788\uc74d\ub2c8\ub2e4.\u201d \ucd5c \uc591\uc5c5 \uc2e0\ubd80\ub294 \uc8fc\uad50\uc640 \uc2e0\ubd80\ub4e4\uc758 \uae30\ub3c4 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \ubc30\ub860\uc5d0 \ubb3b\ud614\ub2e4.   <\/SPAN><\/P>
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