{"id":73931,"date":"2025-12-10T10:32:09","date_gmt":"2025-12-10T10:32:09","guid":{"rendered":"tn-import:\/\/a_tn2_catholicdictionary_list\/5986"},"modified":"2025-12-10T10:32:09","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T10:32:09","slug":"tn_a_tn2_catholicdictionary_list_5986","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/?p=73931","title":{"rendered":"\ubb38\ud654\ud22c\uc7c1 [\ud55c] \u6587\u5316\u9b2a\u722d [\ub3c5] Kulturkampf [\uad00\ub828] \ubb34\ub958\uc131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>   \uad50\ud68c\uc0ac(\u654e\u6703\u53f2)\uc5d0\uc11c \ubb38\ud654\ud22c\uc7c1\uc774\ub780 \ubcf4\ubd88\uc804\uc7c1(1871\ub144) \ud6c4 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub358 \ubc18(\u53cd)\uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uad50\ud68c\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub2f9\uc2dc \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \uc7ac\uc0c1\uc774\uc5c8\ub358 \ube44\uc2a4\ub9c8\ub974\ud06c\ub294 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \ud1b5\uc77c\uc744 \uc5fc\uc6d0\ud588\uace0, \uadf8\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uad50\ud68c\uac00 \uad6d\uac00\uc5d0 \uc885\uc18d\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc81c\uad6d\uc758\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc138\ub825\uc744 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc911\uc559\ub2f9(Zentrumspartei)\uc774 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc758 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \ub300\ubcc0\uc778\uc774 \ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ube44\uc2a4\ub9c8\ub974\ud06c\ub294 \ub208\uc758 \uac00\uc2dc\ucc98\ub7fc \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \ube44\uc2a4\ub9c8\ub974\ud06c\ub294 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\ub0b4\uc758 \ubd88\ud3b8\ud55c \uad00\uacc4, \uc989 \uad50\ud669\uc758 \ubb34\ub958\uad8c(\u7121\u8b2c\u6b0a)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc2e4\ub77c\ubd80\uc2a4\uc640 \ubc14\ud2f0\uce78 \uacf5\uc758\ud68c\uc758 \uacb0\uc815\uc5d0 \ubc18\ub300\ud558\ub294 \uce21\uacfc \ub530\ub974\ub294 \uce21\uacfc\uc758 \ub300\ub9bd, \uc54c\ub825\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\ub824 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ube44\uc2a4\ub9c8\ub974\ud06c\ub294 \uc18c\uc704 \uad6c\uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uad50\ub3c4(Altkatholiken)\ub77c \ubd88\ub9ac\ub294 &#8216;\ubc18\ub300\ud30c&#8217;\ub4e4\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0, \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uad50\ud68c\ub97c \ud0c4\uc555\ud558\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\ub2e4. 1871\ub144 \ud504\ub85c\uc774\uc13c \ubb38\uad50\ubd80\uc758 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uad6d(\u5c40)\uc774 \ud3d0\uc9c0\ub418\uace0 \u2018\uc124\uad50\ub2e8\uc870\uaddc\u2019(\u8aaa\u654e\u5718\u689d\u898f, 12. 10)\uac00 \ubc1c\ud45c\ub418\uc5b4 \uc790\uc720\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc124\uad50\uac00 \uc81c\ud55c\ub2f9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\uc5b4 \u2018\ud559\uad50\uac10\ub3c5\ubc95\u2019(1872. 3. 11), \uc608\uc218\ud68c\uc6d0 \ucd94\ubc29\ub839\uc778 \u2018\uc608\uc218\ud68c\uc6d0\ubc95\u2019(7. 4)\uc774 \ubc1c\ud45c\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc720\uba85\ud55c \u20185\uc6d4\ubc95\u2019\uc774 \ub4a4\uc774\uc5b4 \ubc1c\ud45c\ub428\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\uc758 \uc591\uc131\uacfc \uc784\uba85, \uad50\ud68c\uc801\uc778 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c, \uad50\ud68c\ud0c8\ud1f4 \ub4f1\uc740 \uad6d\uac00\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\ub3c4\ub85d \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. 1875\ub144 \u2018\uad6c \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uad50\uc778\ubc95\u2019(7. 4)\uc740 \uad6c \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uad50\ub3c4\uc758 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uad50\ud68c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uacf5\uc6a9\uad8c(\u5171\u7528\u6b0a)\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 1875\ub144 \u20185\uc6d4\ubc95\u2019\uc740 \ud504\ub85c\uc774\uc13c \ub0b4\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc218\ub3c4\uc6d0\uc744 \ud3d0\uc1c4\ud558\uba70 \uc218\ub3c4\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ucd94\ubc29\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc870\ubb38\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uace0, \uc608\uc678\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcd1\uc790\uac04\ud638\uc5d0 \uc885\uc0ac\ud558\ub294 \uc218\ub3c4\ud68c\ub9cc\uc774 \ub0b4\uac01\uc774 \uc815\ud55c \ubc14\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc9c0\uc18d\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \u2018\uae09\uc5ec\ucc28\ub2e8\ubc95\u2019(\u7d66\u8207\u906e\u65b7\u6cd5, 1875. 4. 22)\uc740 \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \ubb38\ud654\ud22c\uc7c1\ubc95\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uace0 \ub530\ub978\ub2e4\ub294 \uc11c\uba85\uc744 \ud55c \u2018\uc5b4\uc6a9\uc0ac\uc81c\ub4e4\u2019\uc744 \uc81c\uc678\ud55c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uad6d\uac00\ub294 \uc7ac\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc774\ud589\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc0ac\uc81c\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc704\ud611\uc744 \uac00\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubc95\uc758 \uc2e4\uc2dc\ub294 \uacbd\ucc30\uad8c\uc744 \ub3d9\uc6d0\ud558\uc5ec \uacfc\ub8cc, \uae08\uace0, \uad6d\uc678\ucd94\ubc29 \ub4f1\uc758 \ud615\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac15\uc81c\uc870\uce58\ub294 \uc2e0\uc790, \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \ub2e8\uacb0\uacfc \uc800\ud56d\uc744 \ucd08\ub798\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ud504\ub85c\uc774\uc13c \ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubc14\ub374, \ud5e4\uc13c, \ub2e4\ub8f8\uc288\ub2e4\ud2b8, \uc791\uc13c\uc5d0\uc11c \uaca9\ub82c\ud55c \uc800\ud56d\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4. \uc815\ubd80\ub294 \uc544\ubb34\uac83\ub3c4 \uc131\ucde8\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uace0, \uc624\ud788\ub824 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uc758 \ub2e8\uacb0\ub9cc \ucd09\uc9c4\ud558\ub294 \uaf34\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc911\uc559\ub2f9\uc758 \uc758\uc11d\uc774 1873-1874\ub144\uac04\uc758 1\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 91\uc11d\uc73c\ub85c \ub298\uc5b4\ub0ac\uace0, \ub9c8\uce68\ub0b4 \ube44\uc2a4\ub9c8\ub974\ud06c\ub294 \uc790\uc9c4\ud558\uc5ec \uc694\uad6c\ub97c \ud3ec\uae30\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. (\u21d2) \ubb34\ub958\uc131<\/p>\n<p>   [\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc] H. Bruck, J.B. Kissling \uacf5\uc800, Geschichte der Katholischen Kirche in Deutschland im 19 Jahrhundert IV 1 \u00b7 2, 1907-1908 \/ J.B. Kissling, Geschichte des Kulturkampfes, B. 3, 1911-1916. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uad50\ud68c\uc0ac(\u654e\u6703\u53f2)\uc5d0\uc11c \ubb38\ud654\ud22c\uc7c1\uc774\ub780 \ubcf4\ubd88\uc804\uc7c1(1871\ub144) \ud6c4 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub358 \ubc18(\u53cd)\uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uad50\ud68c\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub2f9\uc2dc \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \uc7ac\uc0c1\uc774\uc5c8\ub358 \ube44\uc2a4\ub9c8\ub974\ud06c\ub294 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \ud1b5\uc77c\uc744 \uc5fc\uc6d0\ud588\uace0, \uadf8\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uad50\ud68c\uac00 \uad6d\uac00\uc5d0 \uc885\uc18d\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc81c\uad6d\uc758\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc138\ub825\uc744 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc911\uc559\ub2f9(Zentrumspartei)\uc774 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc758 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \ub300\ubcc0\uc778\uc774 \ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ube44\uc2a4\ub9c8\ub974\ud06c\ub294 \ub208\uc758 \uac00\uc2dc\ucc98\ub7fc &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/?p=73931\">\uacc4\uc18d \uc77d\uae30 <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[114],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-73931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tn-board-catholicdictionary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73931","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=73931"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73931\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=73931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=73931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=73931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}