{"id":74416,"date":"2025-12-10T10:32:09","date_gmt":"2025-12-10T10:32:09","guid":{"rendered":"tn-import:\/\/a_tn2_catholicdictionary_list\/6471"},"modified":"2025-12-10T10:32:09","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T10:32:09","slug":"tn_a_tn2_catholicdictionary_list_6471","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/?p=74416","title":{"rendered":"\uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654 [\ud55c] \u7523\u696d\u5316 [\uc601] industrialization [\ub3c5] Industrialisierung"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub780 \uc6a9\uc5b4\uc758 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc758\ubbf8\ub294 \ud604\ub300 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc774 \uadf8 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc5ec\uac74\uacfc \ud658\uacbd\uc774 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc131\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uac00\ub9ac\ud0a8\ub2e4. \uc989 \uc9c0\ub09c 30\uc5ec\ub144\uac04 \uafb8\uc900\ud788 \ubc1c\uc804\ud558\uc5ec \uc628 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc744 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uba85\ub8cc\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ubcc4\uc9d3\uae30 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \uc4f0\uc774\ub294 \ub9d0\uc774 &#8216;\uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654&#8217;\uc774\uba70, \ucd5c\uc2e0\ud615\uc758 \uc81c\uc870 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc744 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc5ed\ud560\ub85c \uc0bc\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 &#8216;\uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c&#8217;\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5\uc744 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc5ed\ud560\ub85c \ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \ubc1c\uc804\uc18c\ub098 \uacf5\uc7a5\uac74\ubb3c \uac19\uc740 \uacf3\uc5d0 \uace0\uc815\uc790\ubcf8\uc744 \ud22c\uc790\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc911\uc7a5\ube44\ub97c \uc124\uce58\ud558\uace0, \uc0b0\uc5c5\uae30\uc220\uc5d0 \uacfc\ud559\uc744 \uc751\uc6a9\ud558\uba70 \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8\uc774\uba74\uc11c \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uaddc\uaca9\uc5d0 \ub9de\ub294 \uc81c\ud488\uc744 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud574 \ub0b4\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uac00 &#8216;\uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub418\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c&#8217;\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\uc740 \ud604\uc7ac \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud601\uba85\uacfc\uc815\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc640 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\uac00 \uc2dc\uc791\uc740 \ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098 \uc774 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c\uc0dd\ud65c\uc740 \uc544\uc9c1 \uc644\uc804\ud788 \ubcc0\ud615\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ucc44 \uc788\ub294 \uadf8\ub7f0 \uc0ac\ud68c\ub4e4\uacfc \uad6c\ubcc4\ud558\uc5ec \uc4f0\uc5ec\uc9c0\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>   \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud601\uba85\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c, \uacbd\uc81c, \uadf8\ubc16\uc758 \uac01 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc8fc\uc5b4 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\uac8c \ud558\uba70, \uad6d\uac00 \uaddc\ubaa8\uc758 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc5d0 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\uac00 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc84c\ub294\uac00 \ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0\ub294 \uadf8 \uad6d\uac00\uc758 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub4e4\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\ub3c4(\u6210\u9577\u5ea6)\uc640 \uc131\uc7a5\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \ubd04\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uacb0\uc815\ub418\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 &#8216;\uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654&#8217;\ub77c\ub294 \uc6a9\uc5b4\ub294 \uadf8 \ubaa8\uccb4\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud601\uba85\uc774\ub780 \uac83\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 \ub35c \uc54c\ub824\uc838 \uc654\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub2e4\uac00 \ud1a0\uc778\ube44(Arnold Joseph Toynbee)\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ube44\ud310 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc640\uc11c\ub294 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud601\uba85\uc774\ub780 \uace0\uc791 &#8220;\uc5b4\ub5a4 \ubaa8\uc591\uc758 \uae30\uc220 \ud601\uc2e0\uc744 \ubc30\uacbd\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec, \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc758 \uc9c4\ud589\uc18d\ub3c4\uac00 \ube68\ub77c\uc9c0\ub294 \uc2dc\uae30&#8221; \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\ubc16\uc5d0\ub294 \ub0b4\ud3ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub9ac\ud558\uc5ec \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud601\uba85\uc774\ub780 \ub9d0\uc740 \ucc28\ucc28 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \uacf5\ud5c8\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ub0a8\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \ucd5c\uadfc\uc5d0\ub294 \uacbd\uc81c \uc131\uc7a5 \uc774\ub860\uc774\ub098 \ud6c4\uc9c4\uad6d\uac1c\ubc1c \uc774\ub860\uc758 \uc804\uac1c\uc640 \ubc1c\ub9de\ucdb0, \uc804\uc5d0 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud601\uba85\uc774 \ub73b\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub358 \ud55c \uce21\uba74\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 &#8216;\ub18d\uc5c5\uc9c0\ubc30\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\uc81c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uacf5\uc5c5\ud654\ub85c \uac00\ub294 \uacfc\uc815&#8217;\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\ub97c &#8216;\uacf5\uc5c5\ud654&#8217; \ub0b4\uc9c0\ub294 &#8216;\ud14c\uc774\ud06c\uc624\ud504'(takeoff)\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub974\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\ub3c4 \ub208\uc5d0 \ub6f4\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\uc740 \uacf5\uc5c5\ud654\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\ub85c \ub300\uc2e0 \uc4f0\uc5ec\uc9c0\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>   19\uc138\uae30 \ud6c4\ubc18\uc5d0 \uc811\uc5b4\ub4e4\uba74\uc11c\ubd80\ud130 \uc99d\uae30\uae30\uad00\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc740 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub97c \uc7ac\ucd09\ud558\ub294 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \ud2b9\uc0c9\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0ac\ub2e4. \ud611\uc758\uc758 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub294 \uc81c\uc870\uc0b0\uc5c5\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\ub3c4\ub9cc \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\uc9d3\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c \ub9d0\ud558\uba70, \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uacbd\uc81c\ubc1c\uc804\uc758 \ud55c \ubd80\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ub294 \uacac\ud574\uc774\uba70, \uc55e\uc11c \uc9c0\uc801\ud55c &#8216;\uacf5\uc5c5\ud654&#8217;\uc640 \ub3d9\uaca9\uc73c\ub85c \uc4f0\uc774\ub294 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\ub3c4 \uc544\uc8fc \ud611\uc758\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc784\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>   \uc5b4\uca0c\ub4e0 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc5f4\uac70\ud55c \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\ub150\ub4e4\uc740 \uc601\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub09c \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud601\uba85\uc758 \uc18c\uac1c\u00b7\uc804\ud30c\u00b7\ud655\ub300 \ub610\ub294 \uadf8 \uc5f0\uc7a5\uc120 \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc870\uc131\ub41c \uac83\uc774\uba70, \uadf8 \uac1c\ub150\uc758 \ud655\ub9bd\uc744 \ubcf4\uac8c \ub41c \uac83\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774\ub2e4. \uc5ed\uc0ac\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \ub9d0\ud558\ub294 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub294 \ub18d\uacbd\uc0ac\ud68c\ub098 \uc218\uacf5\uc5c5\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \ub18d\uacbd\uc758 \uae30\uacc4\ud654 \ubc0f \uc218\uacf5\uc5c5\uc758 \uae30\uacc4\ud654\uc640 \ub2e4\ub7c9 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud654\uc5d0\uc758 \uacfc\uc815\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\ub3c4\ub85c\uc368 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub3c4 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uac1c\ub150\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\ub294 \ud604\ub300 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c \u00b7 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801\uc778 \uc5ec\uac74\uacfc \uadf8 \ub3c4\uc2dc \u00b7 \ub18d\ucd0c\uc5d0 \uac78\uce5c \uacbd\uc81c \u00b7 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801\uc778 \ud658\uacbd\uc774 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc131\uc7a5\ud574 \uac00\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc9c0\uce6d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub780 \uae30\uc220\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc870\uc9c1\uc801\uc778 \uc219\ub828\ub3c4\uc758 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uacfc, \uc804\ubb38\ud654\ub41c \uae30\ub2a5\uc5d0 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\uc5d0 \ube44\ub840\ud558\uc5ec \uc790\ubcf8\uacfc \ub178\ub3d9\uc758 \uac70\ub300\ud55c \uc9d1\uc911\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud55c\ub2e4. \ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub294 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ud68c\uaddc\ubc94\uc774\ub098 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ud30c\uad34 \ub610\ub294 \uc218\uc815\ud574 \ub098\uac00\uba74\uc11c \uc870\uc9c1\uc801\uc778 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc774 \uc218\uc694\uc5d0 \ub9de\ub3c4\ub85d \uc628\uc804\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc870\uc9c1\uc744 \uc870\uc808\ud574 \uac00\ub294 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>   \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ud6a8\uc728\uc758 \uc9d1\uc911\uc740, \uacb0\uad6d\uc5d0 \uac00\uc11c\ub294 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ub2a5\ub825\uc758 \uacfc\ub300\ud33d\ucc3d\uc744 \uc8fc\ub3c4\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uace0, \uc0ac\ud68c\uac00 \uc8fc\ub85c \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc131\uacf5\ub9cc \ubc14\ub77c\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4 \uadf8\ub7f0 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc5d0 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc744 \ub9de\ucdb0 \uac00\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \ud604\ub300 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc0b4\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc740, \uc99d\ub300\ud558\ub294 \ube44\uc778\uaca9\uc801\uc778 \uc870\uc9c1\uc758 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc5d0 \ubb35\ubb35\ud788 \ud5cc\uc2e0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548\uc5d0 \uc870\uc808 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uba74\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uace4 \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. &#8216;\uc0ac\ud68c\ud654&#8217;\ub77c\ub294 \ub9d0\uc18d\uc5d0\ub294 \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc9d1\uc911\ud654\uc640 \ub354\ubd88\uc5b4 \uc131\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uc54c\ub9de\uc740 \uc870\uc808\uc774 \ub4a4\ub530\ub974\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uaca0\ub2e4. \ub354\uad6c\ub098 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc815\uc758\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uac01 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc5d0\uac8c \uc801\ud569\ud558\uace0 \ub109\ub109\ud55c \uc77c\ud130\uc758 \uc81c\uacf5\uacfc, \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uae30\uc220 \uc2b5\ub4dd\uc758 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc758 \uc81c\uacf5, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc9c8\ubcd1\uacfc \uc5f0\ub839\uad00\uacc4\ub85c \uace4\uacbd\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud574 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0dd\uacc4\uc640 \uc778\uac04\uc758 \ud488\uc704\ub97c \uc548\uc804\ud558\uac8c \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud574 \uc8fc\uace0, \uacbd\uc81c \ubc0f \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc778\uac04\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd09\uc0ac\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uc57c\ub9cc \ud55c\ub2e4(\uc81c2\ucc28 \ubc14\ud2f0\uce78 \uacf5\uc758\ud68c \ubb38\ud5cc <\ubbfc\uc871\ub4e4\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804 \ucd09\uc9c4\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ud68c\uce59>, 1967. 3. 26. \uad50\ud669 \ubc14\uc624\ub85c 6\uc138 \ud68c\uce59).<\/p>\n<p>   [\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc] W. Ashworth, A Short History of the International Economy, 1850-1950, London 1952 \/ Cambridge: Economic History of Europe, Cambridge Univ. Press, v. 2, 1952 \/ Proceses and Problems of Industrialization in underdeveloped Countries, United Nations, New York 1955 \/ R.J.D. Braibanti and J.J. Spengler, eds, Traditions, Values, and Socio-Economic Development, Duham, N.C. 1961 \/ B.F. Hoseltz and W.E. Moore, eds, Industrialization and Society, Paris 1963 \/ J.\ud68c\ud504\ub108, \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50 \uc0ac\ud68c\ub860, \ubd84\ub3c4\ucd9c\ud310\uc0ac, 1979 \/ \uc0ac\ud68c\uc815\uc758, \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\ucd9c\ud310\uc0ac, 1976. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub780 \uc6a9\uc5b4\uc758 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc758\ubbf8\ub294 \ud604\ub300 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc774 \uadf8 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc5ec\uac74\uacfc \ud658\uacbd\uc774 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc131\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uac00\ub9ac\ud0a8\ub2e4. \uc989 \uc9c0\ub09c 30\uc5ec\ub144\uac04 \uafb8\uc900\ud788 \ubc1c\uc804\ud558\uc5ec \uc628 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc744 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uba85\ub8cc\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ubcc4\uc9d3\uae30 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \uc4f0\uc774\ub294 \ub9d0\uc774 &#8216;\uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654&#8217;\uc774\uba70, \ucd5c\uc2e0\ud615\uc758 \uc81c\uc870 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc744 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc5ed\ud560\ub85c \uc0bc\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 &#8216;\uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c&#8217;\ub77c\uace0 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/?p=74416\">\uacc4\uc18d \uc77d\uae30 <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[114],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tn-board-catholicdictionary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=74416"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74416\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=74416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=74416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test2.missa.or.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=74416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}