\uad50\ud68c \uc815\uce58\uc81c\ub3c4\ub85c\uc11c\ub294 \uc7a5\ub85c(\u9577\u8001)\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc815\uccb4(\u653f\u9ad4)\ub97c \uc9c0\uce6d\ud558\ub294 \ub9d0\uc774\ub2e4. 16\uc138\uae30 \uc2a4\uc704\uc2a4\uacc4\uc758 \uc885\uad50\uac1c\ud601\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c \uc774 \uad50\ud68c\uc81c\ub3c4\uac00 \uc124\ub9bd\ub420 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc801 \uc804\ud1b5\uc758 \uacc4\uc2b9\uacfc \uadf8 \uac1c\ud601\uc744 \ud45c\ubc29\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ucd5c\uadfc\uc5d0 \uc640\uc11c\ub294 \uc2e0\uc57d\uc131\uc11c \uc548\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uad50\ud68c\uc815\uce58\uc758 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \uc7a5\ub85c\uc81c\ub3c4\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uac10\ub3c5 \ubc0f \ud68c\uc911(\u6703\u8846)\uc81c\ub3c4\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \uc2dc\uc778\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc7a5\ub85c\uc81c\ub3c4\ub9cc\uc774 \uc2e0\uc801\uc778 \uc81c\ub3c4\ub77c\uace0 \uace0\uc9d1\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c \uc815\uce58\ub294 \ud53c\ub77c\ubbf8\ub4dc\ud615\uc758 \uad50\ud68c \uad50\uad8c\uacfc \uce58\ub9ac(\u6cbb\u7406)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c \ub2e4\uc2a4\ub824\uc9c4\ub2e4. \ub2f9\ud68c(\u5802\u6703) \u00b7 \uc2dc\ucc30\ud68c(\u8996\u5bdf\u6703) \u00b7 \ub178\ud68c(\uf934\u6703) \u00b7 \ub300\ud68c(\u5927\u6703), \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ucd1d\ud68c(\u7e3d\u6703)\uac00 \uadf8\uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uad6c\ubbf8(\u6b50\u7f8e)\uc758 \uad50\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc2dc\ucc30\ud68c\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \uacf3\uc774 \ub9ce\uace0, \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub098\ub77c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ub300\ud68c\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ucd1d\ud68c\ub294 \uac01 \ub178\ud68c\ub97c \ub300\ud45c\ud558\ub294, \ub300\uac1c \uac19\uc740 \uc218\uc758 \ubaa9\uc0ac, \uc7a5\ub85c \ucd1d\ub300(\u7e3d\u4ee3)\ub85c\uc11c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\ub294 \uad50\ud68c \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \uce58\ub9ac \uae30\uad00\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc5ec\ub7ec \uce58\ub9ac \uae30\uad00\ub4e4\uc740 \ubcf8\ub798 \uad50\ud68c\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc120\uac70\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ub300\uc758(\u4ee3\u8b70)\ud615\ud0dc\uc758 \ud53c\ub77c\ubc0b\uc2dd \ud589\uc815\uccb4\uc81c\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\ucd5c\uadfc\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub7ec\uc11c\ub294 \uc2e0\uc57d\uc131\uc11c\uc758 \uc7a5\ub85c(presbyters)\uc640 \uc624\ub298\uc758 \uc7a5\ub85c(elders)\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uadf8 \uc131\uaca9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc774\uacac\uc774 \ub9ce\ub2e4. \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 \uc774 \uc591\uc790\uac00 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uace0, \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 \ubaa9\uc0ac\uac00 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc0c1\uc758 \uc7a5\ub85c\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc801 \uacc4\uc2b9\uc744 \uc774 \uc7a5\ub85c\ub4e4\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \ub450\uace0 \uc788\uace0, \ubc18\ub300\ub85c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 \uadf8\ub7f0 \uac83\uc744 \uc804\ud600 \ubb34\uc2dc\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubaa9\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc740 \ud55c \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uacf5\ub3d9\uc758\ud68c(\u5171\u540c\u8b70\u6703)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc120\uac70\ub418\uc5b4 \ucd08\ube59\ub418\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ubaa9\uc0ac\uc758 \uc548\uc218\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub098\ub77c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ucd1d\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\ud589\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \ubaa9\uc0ac\uc758 \uad50\uc721 \uc218\uc900\uc740 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub192\uc544\uc11c, \ub300\uac1c 4\ub144\uc81c \ub300\ud559\uc744 \ub9c8\uce58\uace0 3\ub144\uc758 \uc2e0\ud559\uacfc\uc815\uc744 \uac70\uce58\ub3c4\ub85d \ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ub85c\uc11c \uad6d\uad50(\u570b\u654e)\ub97c \uc0bc\uc740 \ub098\ub77c\ub294 \uc2a4\ucf54\ud2c0\ub79c\ub4dc\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\ub807\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ub098\ub77c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8\uc6d0\ub9ac\uc778 \uc815\uc2e0\uc801 \uc601\uc801 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc744 \uac15\ub825\ud558\uac8c \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uace0 \ub610 \uc2e4\ud604\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc758 \uc2e0\uc559 \ud45c\uc900\uc740 \uc6e8\uc2a4\ud2b8\ubbfc\uc2a4\ud130 \uc758\ud68c\uc758 \u226a\uad50\ub9ac\ubb38\ub2f5\u226b(\u654e\u7406\u554f\u7b54) \ubc0f \uc2e0\uacbd(\u4fe1\u7d93)\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \ud45c\uc900\uc740 \uc5ed\uc2dc \ud558\ub290\ub2d8\uc758 \ub9d0\uc500, \uc131\uc11c\uc5d0 \ub450\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc131\uc11c\ub294 \u2018\uc815\ud655\ubb34\uc624\u2019(\u6b63\u78ba\u7121\u8aa4)\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uad50\ub9ac\ub294 \uadfc\uc6d0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uce7c\ube48\uc8fc\uc758\uc801\uc774\uc694, \uc608\uc815\ub860(\u8c6b\u5b9a\u8ad6)\uacfc \uc2e0\uc758 \uc601\uad11\uc5d0 \ud575\uc2ec\uc744 \ub450\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc608\ubc30\ub294 \uac04\uacb0\ud558\uace0 \uc608\uc2dd\uc744 \uc911\uc694\uc2dc\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ub098, \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ucc28\ub9ac\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uace0\uad50\ud68c(\u9ad8\u654e\u6703)\uc640 \uc800\uad50\ud68c(\u4f4e\u654e\u6703)\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uc758\uc2dd\uc5d0 \uce58\uc911\ud558\ub294 \uacf3\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0, \ub610 \uc774\ub97c \uc804\ud600 \ubb34\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \uacf3\ub3c4 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uce7c\ube48(J. Calvin, 1509\u223c1564)\uc774\ub098 \ub179\uc2a4(J. Knox, 1513\u223c1572)\uc758 \uc6d0\uce59\uc5d0 \ucda9\uc2e4\ud588\uc744 \ub54c, \uc5b8\uc81c\ub098 \uc124\uad50\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac15\uc870, \uc0ac\ub3c4 \uc2e0\uacbd\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucda9\uc2e4\uc744 \uadf8 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc758 \ubcf8\ub798 \uc804\ud1b5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc131\ucc2c \uc608\uc2dd\uc740 \ube48\ubc88\ud788 \uc9c0\ucf1c\uc9c0\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3fc \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c, \uc124\uad50\uc640 \uc131\ucc2c\uc73c\ub85c \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \ub450 \uae30\ub465\uc744 \uc0bc\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub2f9\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uce58\ub9ac\ub098 \uad8c\uc9d5 \uc5ed\uc2dc \ud55c \ub54c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \uacf5\uc2dd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc900\ud589\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098, \uadfc\ub798\uc5d0\ub294 \uadf8\ub9ac \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \uc9c0\ucf1c\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \ub2e4\ub9cc \ubaa9\uc0ac\uc5d0\uac8c \uadf8 \uad8c\ud55c\uc774 \ub300\ud3ed \uc774\uc591\ub41c \ub290\ub08c\uc774\ub2e4. \uc804 \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c \uc5f0\ud569\uccb4\uc778 \u2018\uc138\uacc4\uac1c\ud601 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c \uc5f0\ub9f9\u2019(The Alliance of Reformed Churches holding Presbyterian System)\uc740 1875\ub144\uc5d0 \uc870\uc9c1\ub41c \uc774\ub798, \uc815\uae30\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud68c\uc9d1\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \ub178\uc815\ud604(\uf933\u8c9e\u9249) \uc7a5\ub85c\uac00 1978\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uadf8 \ubd80\ud68c\uc7a5(\u526f\u6703\u9577)\uc744 1983\ub144 \ud604\uc7ac\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub9e1\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c\ub294 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc0c1 1876\ub144\uc5d0 \uadf8 \ucd08\uc11d\uc774 \ub193\uc5ec\uc84c\ub2e4. \uadf8 \ud574 \ub9cc\uc8fc\uc758 \uace0\ub824\ubb38(\u9ad8\u9e97\u9580)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2a4\ucf54\ud2c0\ub79c\ub4dc\uc758 \uc5f0\ud569\uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac \ub9e4\ud0a8\ud0c0\uc774\uc5b4(J. MacIntyre)\uc5d0\uac8c\uc11c \uc774\uc751\ucc2c(\uf9e1\u61c9\u8d0a)\uc774 \uc138\ub840\ub97c \ubc1b\uace0, \uace7 \uc131\uc11c\ubc88\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ucc29\uc218\ud558\uc600\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc120\uad50 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub294 1884\ub144 9\uc6d4 \ubbf8\uad6d \ubd81\uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc758 \uc758\ub8cc\uc120\uad50\uc0ac \uc54c\ub80c(H.N. Allen, \u5b89\u9023, 1858\u223c1932)\uc774 \uc778\ucc9c\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud55c \ub0a0\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uae30\uc0b0\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc758 \ub4a4\ub97c \uc774\uc5b4 1885\ub144 4\uc6d4\uc5d0 \uc5b8\ub354\uc6b0\ub4dc(H.G. Underwood, 1859\u223c1916)\uac00 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ucc29\ud55c(\u7740\u97d3)\ud558\uc5ec \uc120\uad50\uc5d0 \ud798\uc4f0\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ucd08\uae30\uc758 \uc120\uad50 \ud655\uc7a5\uc774\ub780 \ub2e8\uacc4\ub97c \uc9c0\ub098 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc758 \uc815\uc2e0\uc774 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ucc29\ub418\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c \uac83\uc740 1891\ub144 \uc18c\uc704 \u2018\ub124\ube44\uc6b0\uc2a4 \ubc29\ubc95\u2019\uc774\ub780 \uc120\uad50 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud560 \ub54c\ubd80\ud130\uc758 \uc77c\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uc120\uad50\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc774\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc804\ud30c\uc758 \ud6a8\uc728\ud654\ub97c \ub178\ub9b0 \ubc29\ubc95 \uc774\uc678\uc5d0, \uc790\ub9bd \uc120\uad50, \uc790\ub9bd \uc815\ucc45, \uc790\ub9bd \uc218\uae09\uc758 \uc138 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \ucca0\uc800\ud558\uac8c \uc2e4\ud604\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \uc815\uce58\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \uc124\uc815\ud558\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \ucd94\uc9c4\ud574 \ub098\uac04 \uc815\ucc45 \uacb0\uc815\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc758 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc790\ub9bd\uc801 \uc8fc\uccb4\uc801 \uc2e0\ud559\uc758 \uc815\ub9bd\uacfc\uc815\uc740 \uadf8 \ub54c \ub2e4\ub978 \uad50\ud30c\ub4e4\uacfc\uc758 \uc120\uad50\uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uad50\uacc4\uc608\uc591(\u654e\u754c\uf9b6\u8b93, comity arrangement)\uc774\ub780 \uc808\ucc28\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0ac\ub2e4. \uad50\uacc4\uc608\uc591\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ub294 \ub300\uac1c \ud3c9\uc548\ub0a8\ubd81\ub3c4, \ud669\ud574\ub3c4, \ucda9\uccad\ub3c4, \uacbd\uc0c1\ub3c4 \ubc0f \uc804\ub77c\ub3c4\uc758 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \ub9e1\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ubbf8\uad6d \ubd81\uc7a5\ub85c\uad50, \ub0a8\uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \uce90\ub098\ub2e4 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \ubbf8 \ud638\uc8fc \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \ub4f1 4\uac1c \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \uc120\uad50\ubd80\uc758 \ubd84\ub2f4 \ud615\ud0dc\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \uc120\uad50\ubd80\ub4e4\uc758 \ud611\ub825\uacfc \ud611\uc758\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c 1889\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \u2018\ubbf8\uad6d \ubd81\uc7a5\ub85c\ud68c \ubbf8\uc158 \ubc0f \ube45\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc544(\ud638\uc8fc) \ubbf8\uc158 \uc5f0\ud569\uacf5\uc758\ud68c\u2019\ub97c \uc870\uc9c1\ud558\uc600\uace0, 1893\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \u2018\uc7a5\ub85c\ud68c \uc815\uce58\ub97c \uc4f0\ub294 \ubbf8\uc158 \uacf5\uc758\ud68c\u2019\ub97c \uacb0\uc131\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacf5\uc758\ud68c\uc758 \ubaa9\uc801\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc758 \uc2e0\uacbd\uacfc \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc870\uc9c1\uc744 \ub9c8\ubb34\ub9ac\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uac00 \ub3c5\ub85c\ud68c(\u7368\u8001\u6703) \ud615\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc870\uc9c1\ub41c \uac83\uc740 \ud3c9\uc591\uc2e0\ud559\uad50\uc758 \uc878\uc5c5\uc0dd 7\uba85\uc774 \uc548\uc218\ub97c \ubc1b\ub294 1907\ub144 9\uc6d4 17\uc77c\uc744 \uae30\ud574\uc11c\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub54c \ub124 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \uc120\uad50\ubd80\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e8\uc77c \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c \uc124\ub9bd\uc5d0 \ud569\uc758\ud558\uc5ec, \uadf8 \ud1b5\uc77c\uc744 \uc131\ucde8\ud560 \uc218\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ucd08\ub300 \ub3c5\ub85c\ud68c\uc7a5\uc5d0\ub294 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac \ubaa8\ud398\ud2b8(S.A. Moffett, 1864\u223c1939)\uac00 \uc120\ucd9c\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub3c5\ub85c\ud68c \ucc3d\ub9bd \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc758 \uad50\uc138\ub294 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac 32\uba85, \ud55c\uad6d\uc778 \ubaa9\uc0ac 7\uba85, \uc7a5\ub85c 33\uba85, \ud559\uc2b5\uad50\uc778\uc774 2\ub9cc 1,482\uba85, \uc6d0\uc785(\u9858\u5165)\uad50\uc778\uc774 6\ub9cc9,098\uba85, \uc138\ub840\uad50\uc778\uc774 1\ub9cc 7,890\uba85\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uad50\ud68c\uc218\ub294 1,022\uac1c\uc18c, \ud559\uad50\uc218\ub294 402\uac1c\uad50\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774 \uad50\ud68c\ub4e4\uc774 1906\ub144\uc5d0 \ub0b8 \ud5cc\uae08 \ucd1d\uc561\uc740 9\ub9cc 4,227\uc6d0(\uff0447,113)\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub54c \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c\ub294 1905\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uc9c4\ud589\ub41c \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c(\u67fb\u7d93\u6703)\uc640 \ubd80\ud765\ud68c\uc758 \uc5ec\ud30c\ub85c \u20181907\ub144 \ud3c9\uc591(\u5e73\u58e4)\uc758 \ub300\ubd80\ud765\u2019\uc774\ub780 \uc77c\ub300 \uc804\ud658\uae30\ub97c \uacaa\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ud22c\uc7c1\uc801 \u00b7 \uad6c\uc57d\uc801(\u820a\u7d04\u7684) \u00b7 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \ub3d9\ub825 \ub3d9\uc6d0\uccb4\uc81c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uad50\ud68c\ub97c \ube44\uc815\uce58\ud654(\u975e\u653f\u6cbb\u5316)\ud574\uc11c \ucd08\uc6d4\uc801\uc778, \uc885\uad50\uc801 \ub3d9\uae30\uac00 \uad6c\uc870\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc791\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uad50\ud68c\ub85c\uc758 \ud601\uc2e0\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \uc2e4\ud604\ub41c \uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \uc774 \ud3c9\uc591 \ub300\ubd80\ud765\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc5ec\ud30c\ub294 \uac10\ub9ac\uad50\ud68c\ub97c \ube44\ub86f, \uc804\uad6d \uad50\ud68c \ub3c4\ucc98\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
1912\ub144\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub7ec\uc11c \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c\ub294 \ucd1d\ud68c\ub85c \ubc1c\uc871\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. 9\uc6d4 1\uc77c \ud3c9\uc591\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc3d\ub9bd\ub41c \ucd1d\ud68c\uc5d0\ub294 \ucd1d\ub300\ubaa9\uc0ac, \uc7a5\ub85c, \uc120\uad50\uc0ac \ub4f1 221\uba85\uc774 \ucc38\uc11d\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub54c \uc5b8\ub354\uc6b0\ub4dc\uac00 \ucd1d\ud68c\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uc120\ucd9c\ub418\uace0, \ud68c\uacc4\uc9c1(\u6703\u8a08\u7e54\u8077)\uc758 \ube14\ub808\uc5b4(W.N. Blair) \uc774\uc678\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc784\uc6d0\uc9c1\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d\uc778 \ucd1d\ub300\uac00 \ub9e1\uc558\ub2e4. \uc774 \ucd1d\ud68c\ub294 \ud55c\uad6d \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c\uac00 \uc120\uad50\uc758 \uad50\ud68c\uc784\uc744 \uacfc\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ucd1d\ud68c\ub294 \uc911\uad6d \uc0b0\ub3d9\uc131(\u5c71\u6771\u7701)\uc758 \ub0b4\uc591(\u840a\u967d)\uc5d0 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\ub97c \ud30c\uacac\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uacb0\uc815\ud588\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc2e4\uc0c1 1909\ub144 \uc774\ubbf8 \ud55c\uad6d \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c\ub294 \uc2dc\ubca0\ub9ac\uc544\uc5d0 \ucd5c\uad00\ud758(\u5d14\u5bec\u5c79)\uc744 \ud30c\uc1a1\ud55c \uc77c\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ud6c4 \uc774 \uad50\ud68c\ub294 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \uac04\ub3c4(\u9593\u5cf6), \ubabd\uace0(\u8499\u53e4), \uba55\uc2dc\ucf54 \ub4f1\uc9c0\uc5d0 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\ub97c \ud30c\uacac\ud558\uace0, \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \uae30\uc544(\u98e2\u9913)\uc5d0 \ub9c9\ub300\ud55c \uad6c\uc81c\ud5cc\uae08\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0b8 \uc77c\ub3c4 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \ud55c\uad6d \uc120\uad50\ub294 \uc758\ub8cc \uc120\uad50\uc640 \ud559\uad50 \uad50\uc721\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \uacf5\ud5cc\uc744 \ub0a8\uacbc\ub2e4. 1885\ub144 4\uc6d4\uc5d0 \ubc8c\uc368 \uc54c\ub80c\uc740 \uc11c\uc6b8\uc5d0 \uace0\uc885(\u9ad8\u5b97)\uc758 \uc724\ud5c8\ub85c \uad11\ud61c\uc6d0(\u5ee3\u60e0\u9662)[\ub4a4\uc758 \u6fdf\u8846\u9662, \u4e16\u5bcc\uf91f偲, \u5ef6\u4e16\u5927\u5b78\u6821\u91ab\u79d1\u5927\u5b78]\uc744 \uc124\ub9bd\ud55c \uc77c\uc774 \uc788\uace0, \ud3c9\uc591\uc5d0 \uae30\ud640(\u8a18-)\ubcd1\uc6d0, \ubd80\uc0b0 \u00b7 \ub300\uad6c \u00b7 \uc5ec\uc218\uc758 \ub098\ubcd1\uc6d0, \uc138\ube0c\ub780\uc2a4\uc758 \uacb0\ud575\ubcd1\uc6d0 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc124\ub9bd\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e0\uccb4\uc758 \ubcd1\uace0\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ud574\ubc29\ub3c4 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc804\ud30c\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc218\ud589\ud574 \ub098\uac14\ub2e4. \ub354\uad6c\ub098 \uacbd\uc2e0\ud559\uad50(\u5106\u65b0\u5b78\u6821, 1886\ub144), \uc815\uc2e0\ud559\uad50(\u8c9e\u4fe1\u5b78\u6821, 1887\ub144), \uc22d\uc2e4\ud559\uad50(\u5d07\u5be6\u5b78\u6821, 1897\ub144)\uc640 \ud3c9\uc591\uc2e0\ud559\uad50(1901\ub144)\ub97c \uc124\ub9bd\ud558\uc5ec \uad50\uc721\uc5d0 \uc815\uc9c4\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. 1909\ub144 \ud604\uc7ac \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uacc4 \ud559\uad50\uc218\ub294 605\uac1c\uad50, \ud559\uc0dd\uc218 1\ub9cc 4,708\uba85\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc77c\uc81c\ub3c4 \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uadfc\ub300 \uad50\uc721\uc758 \uc2dc\uc791\uc774 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \u00b7 \uac10\ub9ac\uad50\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c \uc8fc\ub3c4 \ub41c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uadf8\ub4e4 \uacbd\ubb34\ubd80\uc7a5(\u8b66\u52d9\u90e8\u9577) \ud68c\uc758(1910\ub144)\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf5\uc5b8\ud55c\ubc14 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c\ub294 \uc77c\uc81c\uce58\ud558(1910\u223c1945\ub144)\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8 \uc2e0\uc559\uc758 \ubcf4\uc874\uacfc \ubbfc\uc871\uc801 \ub3d9\uc77c\uc131\uc758 \ud655\ubcf4\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c, \ub54c\ub85c\ub294 \ubbfc\uc871 \uc591\uc2ec\uc758 \ubcf4\ub8e8\ub85c\uc11c \uad04\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \ud754\uc801\uc744 \ub0a8\uacbc\ub2e4. \u2018105\uc778 \uc0ac\uac74\u2019\uc740 \uc11c\ubd81(\u897f\u5317)\uacc4\uc758 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \ubc15\uba78\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc77c\uc81c \uc870\uc120\ucd1d\ub3c5\ubd80\uc758 \uc545\ub784\ud55c \ub0a0\uc870\uc600\uace0, 105\uc778 \uc2e4\ud615\uc790\uc911 97\uba85\uc774 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc778\uc774\uc694, \uadf8 \uc911 67\uba85\uc774 \uc120\ucc9c(\u5ba3\u5ddd)\uacfc \uc815\uc8fc(\u5b9a\u5dde) \ucd9c\uc2e0\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc778\uc774 \uc9c0\ud0f1\ud558\uc5ec\uc628 \ubbfc\uc871\uc801 \uc815\uae30\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc77c\uc81c\uc758 \ubc15\uba78 \uc790\uc138\uc600\uace0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ubbfc\uc871\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uc5ec \uc900\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
3.1\uc6b4\ub3d9 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uadf8 \ud53c\ud574 \ube44\uc728\uc774 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \ud6e8\uc52c \ud06c\uac8c \ub208\uc5d0 \ub744\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ucd1d\ub3c5\ubd80\uac00 \ubc1c\ud45c\ud55c \uae30\uc18c\ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc885\uad50\ubcc4(\u5b97\u654e\u5225) \ud1b5\uacc4\ub294 \ubcc4\ud45c(\u5225\u8868)\uc640 \uac19\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uac1c\uc2e0\uad50\uc758 2\ub300 \uad50\ud30c\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc640 \uac10\ub9ac\uad50\uc758 1925\ub144 \ud604\uc7ac\uc758 \uad50\uc138\ub294 \ub300\uac1c \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 : \uad50\ud68c\uc218(2,309), \ubaa9\uc0ac\uc218(315), \uc804\ub3c4\uc778\uc218(779), \uad50\uc778\uc218(193,823), \uc8fc\uc77c\ud559\uad50\uc218(4,663)<\/p>\n
\uac10\ub9ac\uad50 : \uad50\ud68c\uc218(1,140), \ubaa9\uc0ac\uc218(145), \uc804\ub3c4\uc778\uc218(631), \uad50\uc778\uc218(45,166), \uc8fc\uc77c\ud559\uad50\uc218(946)<\/p>\n
\ud569\uacc4 : \uad50\ud68c\uc218(3,449), \ubaa9\uc0ac\uc218(460), \uc804\ub3c4\uc778\uc218(1,410), \uad50\uc778\uc218(261,580), \uc8fc\uc77c\ud559\uad50\uc218(5,609)<\/p>\n
\ud3c9\uade0\uce58\ub97c \ub0b4\uae30\ub294 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b0\ub098 \ub300\uac1c \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c\uc640 \uac10\ub9ac\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc218\uc801 \ube44\uc728\uc740 \ud06c\uac8c 3\ub300 1\uc815\ub3c4\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\ub294 \uac8c \uc88b\uc744 \uac83\uc774\uace0, \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc758 \uc218\uc801 \uc6b0\uc704\uac00 \ud55c \ub54c \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uac00 \uadf8 \uad50\uad8c\uc801 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uac10\ub9ac\uad50\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \ud589\uc0ac\ud55c \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \uc624\ud574\ub97c \ub0b3\uac8c\ub3c4 \ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc2e4\uc0c1 1930\ub144\ub300 \uc911\ubc18\uc5d0\ub294 \ud53c\ucc28\uac04\uc758 \uac08\ub4f1\uc774 \uc5c6\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. \uac00\ub839 1932\ub144 6\uc6d4\uc5d0 \ubc1c\uc871\ud55c \u2018\uc801\uadf9\uc2e0\uc559\ub2e8\u2019(\u7a4d\u6975\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5718)\uc774\ub780 \uac83\uc774 \uadf8 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \ud55c \ud45c\ud604\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uac10\ub9ac\uad50\uc758 \uc2e0\ud765\uc6b0(\u7533\u8208\u96e8)\uc640 \uc11c\uc6b8\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \ubaa9\uc0ac\ub4e4[\u54b8\u53f0\u6c38, \u6b0a\u82f1\u6e5c, \u5168\u5f3c\u6e1f \ub4f1]\uc774 \ub3d9\uc870\ud558\uc600\ub358 \uc774 \ud1a0\ucc29\uc801 \ubbfc\uc871\uad50\ud68c \uc9c0\ud5a5\uc758 \ud55c \uc885\ud30c\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \uc11c\ubd81\uc758 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \ub300\uc138\uc640 \uadf8 \uad50\uad8c\uae30\ub2a5\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc804\ud55c \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ubc18\ubc1c\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc2e4\uc0c1 \uc774 \ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c \uc548\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub300\uad6c(\u5927\u90b1) \uc774\ub9cc\uc9d1(\uf9e1\u842c\u96c6)\uc758 \uc870\uc120\uae30\ub3c5\uad50\ud68c, \ubd09\uc0b0(\u9cf3\u5c71) \uae40\uc7a5\ud638(\u91d1\u58ef\u93ac)\uc758 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\ud68c, \ucc28\ud559\uc5f0(\u8eca\u5b78\u6df5)\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uad50\ud68c\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc885\ud30c\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uad50\ud68c\ub294 1920\ub144\ub300\ubd80\ud130 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc0ac\uc870\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub098 \ub18d\ucd0c\uc758 \ubab0\ub77d\uc774\ub780 \ud604\uc2e4\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uba74\ud558\uc5ec, \uc0ac\ud68c \uac1c\ud601\uc801 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ub300\uac70 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ucd1d\ud68c \uc548\uc5d0 \ub18d\ucd0c\ubd80\ub97c \uc0c1\uce58(\u5e38\u7f6e)\ud55c\ub2e4\ub4e0\uac00, \uc804\uad6d\uc801\uc778 \uaddc\ubaa8\uc758 \ub18d\uc0ac\uac15\uc2b5\uc18c\ub97c \uc0ac\uacbd\ubc18(\u67fb\u7d93\u73ed)\uc774\ub780 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uad50\ud68c\ud6c8\ub828 \ucc44\ub110\uc744 \ud1b5\ud558\uc5ec \uc218\ud589\ud558\uba70, \uc18c\uc791\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uad8c\uc775\uc639\ud638\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \ud611\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uc6b4\ub3d9\ub3c4 \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ub354\uad6c\ub098 \uc77c\uc81c\uc758 \ubbfc\uc871\ub3c4\ub355 \ud574\uccb4\uc791\uc6a9, \uace7 \uc720\uacfd\uc774\ub098 \uc544\ud3b8 \ud310\ub9e4, \uc8fc\ucd08(\u9152\u8349) \uc18c\ube44\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc808\uc81c(\u7bc0\u5236)\uc6b4\ub3d9 \ucc28\uc6d0 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc815\uc758 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud558\uc600\uace0, 1936\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \u2018\uc5f0\uc18c\uc790 \uae08\uc8fc\uae08\uc5f0\ubc95\u2019\uc744 \uce59\ub839\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1c\ud6a8\ucf00 \ud558\ub294 \uc6b4\ub3d9\ub3c4 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 1937\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uc77c\uc81c\uc758 \ud0c4\uc555\uc774 \uc2ec\uac01\ud574\uc838\uc11c \uad50\ud68c\uad00\uacc4 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \ud53c\uac80(\u88ab\u6aa2) \uc2dc\ucc30\ub418\uace0, 1938\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \ucd1d\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc11c\uc6b8 \uc885\ub85c\uacbd\ucc30\uc11c \ud615\uc0ac 89\uba85\uc758 \uc784\uc11d \uc544\ub798 \uc2e0\uc0ac\ucc38\ubc30\ub97c \uac00\uacb0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uba87\uba87 \ucd1d\ub300\uc758 \ud56d\uc758\ub3c4 \uc788\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc \uacb0\uad6d \uc2e0\uc0ac\ucc38\ubc30\ub97c \uc2e0\ubbfc(\u81e3\u6c11)\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc801\uc131(\u8d64\u8aa0)\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0, \ubaa8\uba78\uc758 \uacb0\uc758\ub97c \ud574\uc57c\ub9cc \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\ub54c\ubd80\ud130 \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc2e0\uc131(\u795e\u8056)\uc740 \uc704\ud611\ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4. \ub3c4\ucc98\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\ud5a5\uc758 \uc131\uba85\uc774 \ubc1c\ud45c\ub418\uace0, \uad50\ud68c\ub2f9\uc740 \uac00\ub9c8\ub2c8 \uacf5\uc7a5, \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \ud5cc\ubcd1 \ud30c\uacac\ub300\ub85c \uc9d5\ubc1c\ub418\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \ucd94\ubc29\ub41c \uac83\uc740 1942\ub144 6\uc6d4\uc758 \uc77c\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc120\uad50\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc8fc\uae30\ucca0(\u6731\u57fa\u5fb9, 1897\u223c1944) \uc774\uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub9ce\uc558\ub2e4. \ub354\ub7ec\ub294 \uad11\ubcf5 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 \ucd9c\uac10\ub418\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uace0\uadc0\ud55c \ud76c\uc0dd\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc591\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \uae38\uc774 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub0a8\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uad11\ubcf5\uc774 \ub418\uace0 \ub098\uc11c \uad50\ud68c\ub294 \uc7ac\uac74\uacfc \ubd80\ud765\uc5d0 \ud798\uc37c\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc77c\uc81c\uce58\ud558 \ub54c\uc758 \uc804\ud5a5\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c, \uc2e0\uc559 \ubcf4\uc218\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc5c7\uc11e\uc5ec \ub2e4\ub978 \uad50\ud68c\ub4e4\uacfc \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ub3c4 1951\ub144 \uace0\ub824\ud30c \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc640 \uc608\uc218\uad50 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc758 \ubd84\ub9bd\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \ub4a4\uc774\uc5b4 \uc2e0\ud559 \ubc29\ubc95\ub860\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc5ed\uc2dc 1953\ub144 \uadfc\ub300\uc8fc\uc758\uc640 \uc5d0\ud050\uba54\ub2c8\uc998 \ud45c\ubc29\uc758 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50 \uc7a5\ub85c\ud68c\uc640 \uc608\uc218\uad50 \uc7a5\ub85c\ud68c\uc758 \ubd84\ub9bd, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 W.C.C\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\ub85c \uc6a9\uacf5(\u5bb9\u5171)\uc2dc\ube44 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud1b5\ud569(\u7d71\u5408) \uc608\uc218\uad50 \uc7a5\ub85c\ud68c\uc640 \ud569\ub3d9(\u5408\u540c) \uc608\uc7a5\uacfc\uc758 \ubd84\ub9bd\uc774 1959\ub144\uc5d0 \uc9c4\ud589\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c 1980\ub144 \ud604\uc7ac \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50 \uc218\ub294 29\uad50\ub2e8\uc774\uace0, \uad50\uc778\uc218\ub294 \ub300\uac1c 400\ub9cc\uba85\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc 1978\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uc774 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc758 \uc7ac\uc77c\uce58\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \ud611\uc758\ud68c \ub0b4\uc9c0 \uc5f0\ub9f9 \ud615\uc2dd\uc758 \uc811\uadfc\uc774 \uac15\ub825\ud558\uac8c \ucd94\uc9c4\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uae30\uc6b4\uc740 1983\ub144 \ubbf8\uad6d \uc5f0\ud569\uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc640 \ub0a8\uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\uc640\uc758 \uc77c\uce58\uc5d0 \uc790\uadf9\ubc1b\uc544 \ub354 \uc9c4\uc9c0\ud558\uac8c \ucd94\uc9c4\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. (\u21d2) \ud504\ub85c\ud14c\uc2a4\ud0c4\ud2f0\uc998 (\u9594\u5e9a\u57f9)<\/p>\n
[\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc] J. Moffett, The Presbyterian Church, 1928 \/ J.N. Ogilvie, The Presbyterian Churches, 1925 \/ E.W. Smith, The Creeds of Presbyterians, 1901 \/ \u9594\u5e9a\u57f9, \u97d3\u570b\u57fa\u7763\u654e\u6703\u53f2, \u6539\u8a02\u7248, 1982 \/ \u767d\uf914\u6fec, \u97d3\u570b\u6539\u65b0\u654e\u53f2, 1974 \/ \u5f35\u559c\u6068, \u97d3\u570b\u9577\u8001\u654e\u6703\u53f2, 1970 \/ \u671d\u9bae\uc608\uc218\u654e\u9577\u8001\u6703 \u7e3d\u6703\u9304, 1912\u223c1983 \/ \u5404\uf934\u6703\u9304, \u671d\u9bae\uc608\uc218\u654e\u806f\u5408\u516c\u8b70\u6703\u9304, 1982\u223c1936 \/ \u671d\u9bae\uc608\uc218\u654e\u9577\u8001\u6703\u53f2\u8a18, \u4e0a, 1928; \u4e0b, 1968. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\uad50\ud68c \uc815\uce58\uc81c\ub3c4\ub85c\uc11c\ub294 \uc7a5\ub85c(\u9577\u8001)\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc815\uccb4(\u653f\u9ad4)\ub97c \uc9c0\uce6d\ud558\ub294 \ub9d0\uc774\ub2e4. 16\uc138\uae30 \uc2a4\uc704\uc2a4\uacc4\uc758 \uc885\uad50\uac1c\ud601\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c \uc774 \uad50\ud68c\uc81c\ub3c4\uac00 \uc124\ub9bd\ub420 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc801 \uc804\ud1b5\uc758 \uacc4\uc2b9\uacfc \uadf8 \uac1c\ud601\uc744 \ud45c\ubc29\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ucd5c\uadfc\uc5d0 \uc640\uc11c\ub294 \uc2e0\uc57d\uc131\uc11c \uc548\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uad50\ud68c\uc815\uce58\uc758 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \uc7a5\ub85c\uc81c\ub3c4\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uac10\ub3c5 \ubc0f \ud68c\uc911(\u6703\u8846)\uc81c\ub3c4\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \uc2dc\uc778\ud558\uace0 … \uacc4\uc18d \uc77d\uae30