1. \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \ud3c9\uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774\ub780, \uc138\ub840\uc640 \uacac\uc9c4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \ud30c\uacac\ub41c \ud558\ub290\ub2d8\uc758 \ubc31\uc131\uc778 \uc644\uc804\ud55c \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uc778\uc778 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uac00 \uc0ac\uc81c\uc774\uba70 \uc608\uc5b8\uc790\uc774\uba70 \uc655\uc778 \uc790\ub85c\uc11c \uadf8\uc758 \uc9c1\ubb34\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc704\uacc4\uc801 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\uc801\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc0ac\uba85 \uc804\uccb4\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \uc2e0\uc559\uc758 \uc2e4\ucc9c\uc774\uba70 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc758 \uc99d\uac70\ud65c\ub3d9\uc774\ub2e4. \ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4 \ub9d0\ud574\uc11c, \uc2e0\ub3c4\uac00 \uad50\ud68c \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uc640 \uc778\ub958\uc138\uacc4 \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uc758 \ubc31\uc131 \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \uc0ac\uba85\uc744 \uac01\uae30 \ubd84\uc218\ub300\ub85c \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc758 \uc2e0\uc559\ud589\uc704\uc640 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub2e8\uc758 \uc870\uc9c1\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1 \uc218\ud589\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774\ub2e4. \ud655\uc2e4\ud788 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc740 \ud589\ub3d9\uc801\uc778 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uba74 \ud55c \ubbfc\uc871\uc758 \uc0dd\ud65c \uc18d\uc5d0 \uae4a\uc774 \uce68\ud22c\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4(\uc120\uad50\uad50\ub839 21). \ub610\ud55c \uc131\uc9c1 \uc704\uacc4\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \ucc38\ub73b\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub2e8\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uba70 \ud65c\ub3d9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uad50\ud68c\ub3c4 \ucc38\uc73c\ub85c \uac74\uc124\ub420 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uace0, \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uc0b4\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70, \uc0ac\ub78c \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uc758 \uc644\uc804\ud55c \ud45c\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2cc \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.(\uc120\uad50\uad50\ub839 21). \uadf8\ub7ec\uae30\uc5d0 \uc81c 2\ucc28 \ubc14\ud2f0\uce78 \uacf5\uc758\ud68c\ub294 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc758 \ucd09\uc9c4\uc744 \uac15\ub825\ud788 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc870\uc9c1\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \u201c\uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \uc790\uc720\ub85c\uc774 \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uc5ec \uac00\uc785\ud55c \ub2e8\uccb4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc740 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uac00 \ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\u201d(\ud3c9\uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1 \uad50\ub839 18)\uace0 \uad8c\uc7a5\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\ud604\ub300\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub7ec \uacf5\uc5c5\ud654 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ud654\ud574 \uac00\ub294 \uc138\uc0c1 \ub610\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c \uc548\uc5d0 \ud604\uae30\uc99d\uc744 \uc77c\uc73c\ud0ac \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uae09\uaca9\ud55c \ubc1c\uc804\uacfc \ubcc0\ud654\ub85c \ub0a0\ub85c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud604\uc2e4\uc774 \ub208\uc55e\uc5d0 \ub2e5\uce58\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ub2e4\ub2e8\ud558\uace0 \uac70\uc758 \ubb34\ud55c\ub300\ub85c \ub113\uc5b4\uc838 \uac00\ub294 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \ud604\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ub300\uc751\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\ub3c4 \uc5ed\uc2dc \uadf8 \ud3ed\uc744 \uadf8\ub9cc\ud07c \ub113\ud788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc758 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uac00 \uc778\uac04\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ub610\ub294 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uad50\ud68c \ub2f9\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\uc758 \uba85\ud655\ud55c \uc704\uc784\uc774 \uc788\uae30\uc5d0 \uc55e\uc11c \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc774 \ud558\ub290\ub2d8\uc758 \ubc31\uc131, \uc608\uc5b8\uc801 \ubc31\uc131\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc77c\uccb4\uac00 \ub418\uc5b4 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud558\ub290\ub2d8\uc758 \uacc4\ud68d\uc744 \uc778\uc218\ud558\uace0 \ud574\uc11d\ud558\uace0 \uadf8 \uacc4\ud68d\uc758 \uc2e4\ud604\uc744 \uc2dc\ub300\uc758 \ud45c\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
2. \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc758 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \ubd80\ud65c \ud6c4\uc758 \uad50\ud68c\uc778 \ucd08\ub300\uad50\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c\ubd80\ud130 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ubcf5\uc74c\uc758 \uc9c4\ub9ac \uac00\uc6b4\ub370\uc5d0\uc11c \ub85c\ub9c8 \uc81c\uad6d\uc758 \uad6d\uac00 \uad8c\ub825\uacfc \ub300\ucc98\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc131\uc11c\uc791\uac00 \ub8e8\uac00\uac00 \uc0ac\ub3c4\ud589\uc804\uc5d0 \uc11c\uc220\ud588\ub4ef\uc774 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud574 \uac14\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc2dc\ub300 \uc9c1\ud6c4 \uad50\ud68c\ub97c \ucc98\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ud30c\ud55c \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc774 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc2e0\uc559\uc744 \uadf8 \uc2dc\ub300 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc774\ud574\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub9d0\ub85c \uc120\uad50\uc801 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub358\ub4e4 \uc774\uc6c3 \uc774\uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ubcf5\uc74c\uc774 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \ub208\ubd80\uc2dc\uac8c \uc804\ud574\uc9c0\uc9c0\ub294 \ubabb\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ub3c4 \ud6c4 \uc2dc\ub300 \ubc0f \uad50\ubd80 \uc2dc\ub300\uc758 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \ub610\ud55c \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc2e0\ud559 \uac74\uc124\uc5d0\ub85c \ubc1c\uc804\ud558\uc5ec \uadf8 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uc704\ub300\ud55c \uad50\ubd80\ub4e4\uacfc \uad50\ud68c\ub97c \ub300\ud45c\ud558\ub294 \uc2e0\ud559 \uc0ac\uc0c1\uac00\ub4e4\ub85c\uc11c \ud6cc\ub96d\ud55c \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc600\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc815\ub9d0 \uc0ac\ub3c4 \uc2dc\ub300 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc774\uc57c\ub9d0\ub85c \ubc16\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ubc15\ud574\uc640 \ub300\ud56d\ud558\uace0 \uc548\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc774\ub2e8\uacfc \uc2f8\uc6cc\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uaca9\ub3d9\uae30\uc758 \uad50\ud68c\ub97c \uc9c0\ud558 \ubb18\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ub04c\uc5b4\ub0b4\uc5b4 \uc138\uacc4\ub85c \ubc1c\uc804\uc2dc\ud0a8 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ud6c4\uae30 \uad50\ubd80 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc758 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \uc57d\ud574\uc9c0\uace0 \ud55c\ud3b8 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub294 \uad50\ud68c\ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \ud558\ub4f1\uc758 \ubc1c\uc5b8\uad8c\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uace0 \uad50\ud68c\ubc95\uc0c1 \ub2e4\ub9cc \ubbf8\uc0ac\uc131\uc81c\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \uad8c\ub9ac \uc774\uc678\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub3c4 \uc0dd\uac01\uc870\ucc28 \ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc911\uc138 \uc804\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \ud669\uc81c, \uad6d\uc655, \uc81c\ud6c4 \ub4f1 \uc0c1\uce35 \uc9c0\ubc30\uacc4\uce35\uc758 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uac00 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\uc640 \uc9c0\ubc30\uad8c\uc758 \ub300\ub9bd\uc73c\ub85c \uae34\uc7a5\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\uace0 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \uc18d\uad8c(\u4fd7\u6b0a)\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc138\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uad8c\uc704\uc640 \uad50\uacc4\uc801\uc778 \uad8c\uc704\uc640\uc758 \uac08\ub4f1\uc744 \uc790\uc544\ub0c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc77c\ubc18\uc2e0\ub3c4\ub294 \uc131\uc778 \uacf5\uacbd, \uc131\ubb3c \uc608\ubc30\uc758 \uc2dc\ub300\ub77c\uace0 \uc77c\uceec\uc5c8\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uc2e0\uc2ec\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc5d0 \uc5f4\uc911\ud588\uace0 \uadf8\uc640 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ubd80\uc815\uacfc \uc721\uccb4\uc801 \uace0\ud1b5, \ubd88\uad6c\uc790, \ub18d\ubbf8, \uae30\uc544\uc5d0 \ud5c8\ub355\uc774\ub294 \ub3c4\uc2dc \ube48\ubbfc\uc5d0 \uacb0\ucf54 \ubb34\uad00\uc2ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc911\uc138 \uc911\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \u2018\uc2e0\uc758 \ud3c9\ud654\u2019, \u2018\uc2e0\uc758 \ud734\uc804\u2019 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc2e0\ub3c4 \ub300\uc911\uc758 \uad11\ubc94\ud55c \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uc801\uadf9\uc801 \ucc38\uac00, \ub354 \ub098\uc544\uac00\uc11c \uc0ac\ud68c \ubc1c\uc804\uc774 \ub2a6\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ud3c9\ud654 \ubcf4\uc7a5\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc21c\uc218\ud55c \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ub9d0\ubbf8\uc554\uc544 \ubd09\uac74\uc801 \uad8c\ub825\uc5d0 \uace0\ud1b5\uc744 \ubc1b\uace0 \uc788\ub358 \ud558\uce35\uacc4\uae09\uc758 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc744 \uc790\uc720 \ud574\ubc29\ud558\uace0 \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud070 \uc131\uacfc\ub97c \uac70\ub458 \uc218\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc2e4\ub85c \uc774 \u2018\uc2e0\uc758 \ud3c9\ud654\u2019 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774\uc57c\ub9d0\ub85c \ucc38\ub41c \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uc2e4\ud615\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc774\uac83\uc744 \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc704\ub300\ud55c \uacf5\uc801\uc774\uba70 \uadf8\uc758 \ubb38\ud654\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uba85\uc758 \ub69c\ub837\ud55c \uc99d\uba85\uc774\ub77c\uace0\ub9cc \uc124\uba85\ud558\uace0, \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc801 \uc131\uaca9\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \uc2ed\uc790\uad70\uc6b4\ub3d9\ub3c4 \uad50\ud669\uc758 \uad8c\uc704\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c \uc2e0\ub3c4 \ub300\uc911\ub4e4\uc774 \uc77c\uc81c\ud788 \uc131\uc9c0 \ud68c\ubcf5\uc5d0 \ucc38\uac00\ud558\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uc600\ub294\ub370 \uc774\uac83\ub3c4 \uc870\uc9c1\ub41c \uc77c\ubc18 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc758 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. 12\uc138\uae30\uc758 \uc77c\ubc18 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc801 \uc0dd\ud65c\uacfc \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \uc5b4\ub290 \uba74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc778 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc801 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 12\uc138\uae30 \ub9d0\uc5d0\uc11c 13\uc138\uae30 \ucd08\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub09c \uc77c\ubc18 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc758 \uccad\ube48\uc744 \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc885\uad50\uc6b4\ub3d9 \uc989 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \ub300\ub2e8\ud788 \uc735\uc131\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uc774 \uc2dc\ub300\uc758 \uad50\ud68c \ubc1c\uc804\uc5d0 \ubd88\uac00\uacb0\uc758 \uc694\uc18c\uac00 \ub418\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \uc774 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ub3cc\ubcf4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uc11c \ub9cc\uc871\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \uc131\uacfc\ub97c \uac70\ub450\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubd80 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc740 \ubc18\ubd09\uac74\uc8fc\uc758, \ubc18\uc131\uc9c1\uc790\uc8fc\uc758 \ubc0f \ubd80\ub974\uc8fc\uc544\ub4e4\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac08\ub9dd\uacfc\uc758 \uad00\ub828\uc5d0\uc11c \ud65c\ub85c\ub97c \uac1c\ucc99\ud558\ub824\uace0 \uc560\ub97c \uc4f0\uba70 \uacfc\uaca9\ud55c \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \uc804\uac1c\ud558\uc5ec \uc624\ub958\uc758 \uae38\ub85c \ube60\uc838\ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubd88\ud589\ud558\uac8c\ub3c4 \uc774\uac83\uc740 \ubc18\uad50\ud68c\uc801 \ubc18\uc131\uc0ac\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc9c4\uc804\ub3fc \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc21c\uc218\ud55c \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uc801 \ub3d9\uae30\uc640 \uc774\ub150\uc740 \ube44\uc131\uc11c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubab0\ub77d\ud558\uace0 \ub9d0\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc911\uc138 \ud6c4\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc77c\ubc18 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc758 \uc2e0\uc2ec\uc740 \ub180\ub784\ub9cc\ud07c \uc5f4\uc131\uc801\uc774\uc5b4\uc11c \ub9ce\uc740 \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uc88b\uc740 \uac83\uc744 \ub0a8\uacbc\ub294\ub370, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc774 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \uc704\ub300\ud55c \uc601\uc6d0\uc758 \uac00\uce58\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc2e0\ube44\uc8fc\uc758\uac00 \ubc88\uc131\ud558\uc600\ub358 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubc18\uc2e0\ub3c4\ub85c\uc11c \uadfc\ub300\uc801 \uc2e0\uc2ec\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd88\ub838\ub358 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc2e0\uc2ec\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub2e8\uccb4\uc778 \uacf5\uc8fc\ud615\uc81c\ub2e8(\u5171\u4f4f\u5144\u5f1f\u5718)\uc758 \uc6d0\uc870\uc774\uace0 \u300a\uc900\uc8fc\uc131\ubc94\u300b(\u9075\u4f4f\u8056\u7bc4)\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\uba85\ud55c \ud1a0\ub9c8\uc2a4 \uc544 \ucf10\ud53c\uc2a4(Thomas a Kempis)\uc5d0\uac8c \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc8fc\uc5c8\ub358 \ub124\ub35c\ub780\ub4dc\uc758 \uc81c\ub77c\ub974\ub450\uc2a4 \uadf8\ub85c\ud14c(Gerardus Groote)\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uc77c\ubc18 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc778 \ubca0\ub974\ub098\uce20\uc544 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544 \uac01\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uae30 \uc131\ud654\uc640 \uc774\uc6c3\uc744 \uc0ac\ub791\ud558\ub294 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \uc870\uc9c1\ub41c \uc2e0\uc560\uae30\ub3c4\ub2e8(\u795e\u611b\u7948\u79b1\u5718)\uc774 \uc788\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
17\uc138\uae30\ub294 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc758\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc120 \uc704\ub300\ud55c \uc138\uae30\uc600\ub2e4. \uc5ec\ub860\uacfc \uc8fc\uad50\uc758 \uc9c0\uc9c0\ub97c \ubc1b\uc740 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc5d8\ub9ac\ud2b8\ub4e4\uc740 \uad50\uc721\uc801 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc801 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uac16\ucd94\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ucd08\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc138\uae30 \ub9d0\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc758 \uc2e0\uc2ec\uc0dd\ud65c\uc5d0\ub294 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801 \ub610 \uae09\uaca9\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294\uac83\uac19\uc774 \ubcf4\uc774\ub098 \uc2e4\uc740 \uc2e0\ud559, \uc601\uc131, \uc2e0\uc2ec\ud615\ud0dc \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uac00\uc838\uc628 \uc9c4\uc804\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1 \uc218\ud589 \uc790\uc120\uc0ac\uc5c5 \uad50\uc721\ud65c\ub3d9\uc740 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \u2018\uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc561\uc158\u2019(\uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uc6b4\ub3d9)\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd88\ub9ac\ub294 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc870\uc9c1\uc758 \uac04\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. 17\uc138\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc0ac\ud68c\uacc4\uce35\uacfc \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc815\uc2e0\uc744 \uc0ac\uc0c1\uc758 \uc2dc\ub300\uc801 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd10\uc57c \ud560 \uac83 \uac19\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc2dc\uae30\ub294 \ub370\uce74\ub974\ud2b8 \ucca0\ud559\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub294 \ucd08\uc790\uc5f0\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ud604\uc2e4\uacfc \uc790\uc5f0\uacc4\uc758 \ud604\uc2e4, \uad6d\uac00\uc640 \uc885\uad50\ub97c \uad6c\ubcc4\ud558\uace0 \uc885\uad50\ub294 \ub354\uc6b1\ub354 \ub0b4\uba74\ud654\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\ud68c \uc0dd\ud65c\uc758 \uc8fc\ub958\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\ub9ac\ub3fc \uc8fc\ubcc0\uc801 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacc4\uce35\uc5d0 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ubc15\uace0 \uc790\uc120\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc5d0 \uc885\uc0ac\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc18d\uc138\uc640\ub3c4 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc640\ub3c4 \ud310\uc774\ud558\uac8c \ud3d0\uc1c4\uc801 \uc0ac\ud68c\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc744 \uac16\ub294 \uc2e0\uc2ec\ub2e8\uccb4\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4. 1630\ub144 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \uc124\ub9bd\ub41c \uc601\uc131\uc758 \uc2ec\ud654, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uc2e4\ucc9c\uc744 \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc131\uccb4\ud68c\ub294 \ube44\ubc00\ubcf4\uc9c0\ub77c\ub294 \uaddc\uce59\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uad6d\uac00\uc640 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\uc640\uc758 \uc5f0\uacb0\uc774 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\ub97c \uc870\uc9c1\ud558\uc5ec \uc131\uccb4\ub77c\ub294 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ud575\uc744 \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uc11c \uae30\ub3c4 \u00b7 \uc790\uc120 \ud589\ub3d9\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50 \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \uc7ac\uac74\uc744 \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud588\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc790\uc120\uacfc \uad6c\uc81c\uc758 \ub300\uc0ac\uc5c5, \uc2e0\ubcc0\uc5d0\uc11c \uba3c \uacf3\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uc120\uad50, \uad50\uc721\uc0ac\uc5c5, \ub9d0\uacfc \uc800\uc11c\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 17\uc138\uae30\ub97c \ud1b5\ud558\uc5ec \uc774 \ud68c\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc774 \ubc1c\uc758\ud558\uc600\uac70\ub098 \ud639\uc740 \uacbd\uc81c\uc9c0\uc6d0\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774 \uc131\uccb4\ud68c\ub294 1660\ub144 \uacf5\uaca9\uc744 \ubc1b\uace0 \ud574\uccb4\ub418\uac8c\uc774 \uc774\ub974\ub800\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
18\uc138\uae30\ub294 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uc758 \uc2e0\uc559\uc0dd\ud65c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc77c\uccb4\uc758 \uc815\uc5f4\uc744 \ubab0\uc544\ub0b4\uace0 \uad50\ud68c\ub294 \uc815\uc801\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \uac81\ub0b4\uace0, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc2e0\ube44\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \uc18c\uc2ec\ud558\uac8c \ud53c\ud558\uace0, \uc5c4\uaca9\uc8fc\uc758\uc5d0 \ube60\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \uc9c0\ub098\uce5c \uad00\uc6a9\uc8fc\uc758 \ucabd\uc73c\ub85c \ud758\ub7ec\uac14\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc758 \uc2e0\uc559\uc2ec\uacfc \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\ud65c\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \ud560 \uc598\uae30\uac00 \ubcc4\ub85c \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \u2018\uc88b\uc740 \ubc97\u2019, \u2018AA\u2019\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub974\ub294 \u2018\ubc97 \uc911\uc758 \ubc97\u2019\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub2e8\uccb4\uac00 \uc788\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
19\uc138\uae30\ub294 \ud3c9\uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ud65c\uc131\ud654\ub418\uc5c8\ub358 \uc2dc\uae30\uc774\uba70 \ud2b9\ud788 \uc790\uc120\ud65c\ub3d9\uacfc \uc0ac\ud68c\ud65c\ub3d9\uc5d0 \uc88b\uc740 \uc131\uacfc\ub97c \uac70\ub450\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc77c\uceec\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \uc774 \uc138\uae30\uc758 \uc0b0\ubb3c\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. 1801\ub144\uc5d0 \uc124\ub9bd\ub41c \ud30c\ub9ac\uc131\ubaa8\ud68c, \ubcd1\uc6d0\uacfc \uac10\uc625\uc744 \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\ub294 \uc790\uc120\ub2e8\uccb4\uc778 \u2018\uc18c\uc2dc\uc5d0\ud14c \ub370 \uc988\ubca0\ub974\u2019, \uadfc\ub300\uc801\uc778 \ud559\uc0dd \uadf8\ub8f9\uc778 \u2018\uc18c\uc2dc\uc5d0\ud14c \ub370 \ubcf8\ub204 \uc81c\ud29c\ub3c4\u2019, \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \ubb38\ud559\uc744 \ubcf4\uae09\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \u2018\uc18c\uc2dc\uc5d0\ud14c \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \ub370 \ubcf8\ub9ac\ubca8\u2019, \uace0\uc544\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c1\uc5c5\uc744 \uc8fc\ub294 \ud68c, \ub9f9\uc778\uccad\ub144\uac15\uc2b5\ud68c, \ube48\ubbfc\uad6c\uc81c\ud68c, \ud2b9\ud788 \ub9ac\uc6a9 \uc131\ubaa8\ud68c\ub294 \uc2e0\uc559\ubcf4\uae09\ud611\ud68c\uc758 \uc124\ub9bd\uc5d0 \uacb0\uc815\uc801 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud588\ub294\ub370 \uc774 \ud611\ud68c\ub294 \uacbd\uc774\uc801\uc778 \ubc1c\uc804\uc744 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ub3c5\uc77c\uc5d0\uc120 \uc120\uad50\uc640 \uc774\ubbfc\uc744 \ud6c4\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \ub77c\ud30c\uc5d8\ud68c, \uac1c\uc2e0\uad50\uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc0b0\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uc778\uc744 \uc9c0\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ubcf4\ub2c8\ud30c\uc2dc\uc624\ud68c, \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \ud559\uc0dd\uc774\ub098 \uc608\uc220\uac00\uc758 \ub2e8\uccb4, \ub18d\ubbfc \u00b7 \ub178\ub3d9\uc790\ub97c \ubaa8\uc544\uc11c \uc9c1\uc5c5\uc801 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc639\ud638\ud558\uace0 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub355\uc801 \uc885\uad50\uc801\uc778 \uc720\ub300\ub97c \ub3c4\ubaa8\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ub2e8\uccb4\ub4e4\uc774 \ucc3d\ub2e8\ub418\uc5c8\ub530. \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub2e8\uccb4\uc758 \ud1b5\ud569\uc870\uc9c1\uc73c\ub85c \ub3c5\uc77c \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \ud611\uc758\ud68c\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \uc774 \ud611\uc758\ud68c\ub294 \ub9e4\ub144 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\ub300\ud68c\ub97c \uc5f4\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\ub300\ud68c\ub294 19\uc138\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c\uc758 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc0c1 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc0ac\uac74\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc2e0\uc559 \u00b7 \uc5f0\uad6c \u00b7 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \ud45c\uc5b4\ub85c \ub0b4\uac74 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uccad\ub144\ud68c\uac00 \uc870\uc9c1\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uccad\ub144\ud68c\ub294 \uc8fc\ub85c \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uc758 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uba38\ubb3c\ub7ec \ud68c\uc6d0\uc758 \uc2e0\uc559\uad50\uc721\uacfc \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50\uc801 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc758 \uc1c4\uc2e0\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uccad\ub144\ud68c\uac00 \ucc3d\ub9bd\ub418\uace0 \uadf8 \uc218\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub4a4 \u2018\uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ub85c\ub9c8 \ud611\ud68c\u2019\uac00 \uc2e4\ud604\ub418\uc5b4 1874\ub144 \ubca0\ub2c8\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\ud68c\uc758\uac00 \uac1c\ucd5c\ub418\uae30\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub800\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 1875\ub144 \uc774\ub798 \u2018\ud68c\uc758 \ubc0f \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc5c5\ub2e8\u2019\uc774 \uacb0\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098 \ud3c9\uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uc911\uc559\uc870\uc9c1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc900\ube44\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub9ce\uc740 \uace4\ub780\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uad50\ud669 \ub808\uc624 13\uc138\uc758 \ud68c\uce59 <\ub808\ub8f8 \ub178\ubc14\ub8f8>\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ac\uc2dc\uc998\uc774 \ub4f1\uc7a5\ud558\uc5ec \ud604\uc2e4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud1a0\ub098\uc62c\ub77c\uac00 \uc9c0\ub3c4\ud558\ub294 \u2018\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5f0\uad6c \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uc5f0\ub9f9\u2019\uc774 \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544 \uc8fc\uc694 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uae09\uc18d\ud788 \ud37c\uc838\ub098\uac14\ub358 \uac83\uc774 \uadf8 \uc608\uc758 \ud558\ub098\uc774\ub2e4. \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \u2018\uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559\uc5f0\uad6c\ud68c\u2019, \u2018\uc0ac\ud68c\uc8fc\uac04\u2019, \u2018\ubbfc\uc911\uc6b4\ub3d9\u2019, \u2018\uc0ac\ud68c\uc0ac\ubb34\uad6d\u2019\uc774 \uc628\uac74\ud55c \uc9c4\ubcf4\uc801 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ucc38\uac00\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
20\uc138\uae30\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc640\uc11c \uad50\ud669 \uc131 \ube44\uc624 10\uc138\uc758 \ud68c\uce59 <\uc774\ub8e8\ud398\ub8e8\ubaa8 \ud504\ub85c\ud3ec\uc9c0\ud2b8>\ub294 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc561\uc158\uc5d0 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uae30\ucd08\ub97c \uc8fc\uc5c8\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub294 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ub300\ub2e8\ud788 \uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \uad50\ud68c\uac00 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 꺠\ub2eb\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \ube44\uc624 11\uc138\uc640 \ube44\uc624 12\uc138\uc758 \uc7ac\uc704 \uc911 \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud2b9\uae30\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud560 \uc0ac\ud56d \uac00\uc6b4\ub370\uc758 \ud558\ub098\uc784\uc5d0 \ud2c0\ub9bc \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ube44\uc624 11\uc138\ub294 \u2018\uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc561\uc158\uc758 \uad50\ud669\u2019\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc77c\uceec\uc5b4\uc9c0\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uc870\uc9c1\ud654\ub294 \ub098\ub77c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \ud615\ud0dc\ub97c \ucde8\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ub300\uac1c\ub294 \uc624\ub7ab\ub3d9\uc548 19\uc138\uae30\ubd80\ud130 \uc774\uc5b4\ubc1b\uc740 \ub2e8\uc77c\ud615\ud0dc\uc5d0 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ucda9\uc2e4\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \uadf8 \ud615\ud0dc\ub294 \ub2e8\uc9c0 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc801 \uc6b4\ub3d9\ub9cc\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc7a5\ub144\uc758 \ub0a8\ub140, \uccad\uc18c\ub144\uc758 \ub0a8\ub140\uc758 \ub124 \uac1c \uadf8\ub8f9\uc73c\ub85c \uac08\ub77c\uc84c\ub2e4. \u2018\ud2b9\uc218\ud55c \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc561\uc158\u2019 \uc989 \ubca8\uae30\uc5d0\uc758 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uccad\ub144\ub178\ub3d9\uc790\ub3d9\ub9f9\uc758 \uc6b4\ub3d9 \uc601\ud5a5 \ubc11\uc5d0 \uadf9\ud788 \ud55c\uc815\ub41c \uc0dd\ud65c\uad8c\uc744 \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc774 \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud615\ud0dc\uac00 \ucd9c\ud604\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ub0a1\uc740 \uc815\uc2dd(\u5b9a\u5f0f)\uc5d0 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc815\uc2e0\uc744 \uc8fc\uc785\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uac70\ub098, \ud639\uc740 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ubc29\ud5a5 \ubaa8\uc0c9\uc744 \ucd94\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c\uc600\ub2e4. \uc544\ubb34\ud2bc \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc561\uc158\uc740 \uadf9\ud788 \uc911\uc559\uc9d1\uad8c\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uad50\ud68c\ub2f9\uad6d\uc5d0 \uac15\ud558\uac8c \uc885\uc18d\ud55c \ud1b5\uc77c\uc801 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc801\uc778 \uaddc\ubaa8\ub85c \uc870\uc9c1\ud615\ud0dc\uac00 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0ac\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc561\uc158\uc744 \uad6d\uc81c\uc801 \uc218\uc900\uc5d0\uc11c \uc870\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \uc911\uc559\uc0ac\ubb34\uad6d\uc744 \ub85c\ub9c8\uc5d0 \uac1c\uc124\ud558\uc600\uace0, 1951\ub144 \ub85c\ub9c8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc81c1\ucc28 \uc138\uacc4\ud68c\uc758, \ub610 1957\ub144\uc5d0 \uc81c2\ucc28 \uc138\uacc4\ud68c\uc758\uac00 \uac1c\ucd5c\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc561\uc158\uc758 \uac01\uc131\uc740 \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \ubb38\ud654\uc801 \ud639\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ubd84\uc57c\uc758 \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4 \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 1930\ub144\ub300\ub97c \ud1b5\ud558\uc5ec \uc11c\uad6c\uc138\uacc4\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub098\ub77c\ub97c \ub3d9\uc694\ucf00 \ud55c \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc778 \uc704\uae30\uc640 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub09c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ub3c4\ucc98\uc5d0\uc11c \uc80a\uc740 \uc138\ub300 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \uac01\uc591\uac01\uc0c9\uc758 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774 \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\uace0 \uc778\uac04\uacfc \uc0ac\ud68c\uc640\uc758 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ucca0\ud559\uacfc \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc9c8\uc11c\ub97c \ucd94\uc9c4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc815\uce58\uc774\ub150\uc774 \ucd94\uad6c\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ube44\uc624 11\uc138\uc640 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc561\uc158\uc758 \uc870\uc9c1\ud654\ub97c \uc560\uc37c\ub358 \ucd94\uc9c4\uc790\uc758 \ud070 \ub73b\uc740, \uc791\uc740 \uaddc\ubaa8\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \uc2e4\ud604\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc561\uc158\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacc4\uce35 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \ucd9c\ud604\uc2dc\ud0a8 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc5d8\ub9ac\ud2b8\uc758 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc5d0 \uc758\ud590\uc5ec, \ub610 \uc2e0\uc559\uacfc \uc0dd\ud65c\uc5d0\uc758 \uc77c\uce58\ub97c \uc2e4\ud604\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc801\uc778 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc5d0\uac8c \uac00\ub974\uce60 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud558\uc5ec, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce5c \uc2e0\ud559\uc801 \uc0ac\ubaa9\uc801 \ud604\uc2e0\uc758 \uc804\uccb4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ac\uc2dc\uc998\uc5d0 \uac01\uc778\ub41c \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubd80\uc815\ud560 \uc218\ub294 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ud30c\ub974\ub514\ub2c8\uc758 \uc778\uaca9\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uace0\ubb34\ub41c \uccad\ub144\uc6b4\ub3d9, \uc624\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9ac\uc544\uc758 \ubbfc\uc911\uc804\ub840 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ubbfc\uc911\uc801 \uc131\uaca9\uc774 \uac15\uc870\ub41c \uc804\ub840\uc6b4\ub3d9, \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc774 \uc2e0\uc2ec\uc744 \uc131\uc11c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub04c\ub824\ub294 \ud0dc\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc778\ud55c \uc131\uc11c\uc5d0\uc758 \uac01\uc131\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc131\uc11c\uc6b4\ub3d9 \ub4f1\uc740 \uc81c 2\ucc28 \ubc14\ud2f0\uce78 \uacf5\uc758\ud68c\uc5d0\uc758 \uae38\uc744 \uc608\ube44\ucf00 \ud558\uace0 \uadf8 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc5d0 \uc544\uc774\ub514\uc5b4\ub97c \uc8fc\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc81c2\ucc28 \ubc14\ud2f0\uce78 \uacf5\uc758\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uad50\ud68c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc758 \uc2dc\ub300\uac00 \ub3c4\ub798\ucf00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
3. \ud55c\uad6d \ucc9c\uc8fc\uad50\ud68c\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc758 \uc190\uc73c\ub85c \uc138\uc6cc\uc9c4 \uad50\ud68c\uc774\ub2e4. \uc2e0\ub3c4\uac00 \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc8fc\ucd95\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uace0 \uadf8 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc774 \uc911\uc2ec\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uc758 \uc99d\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \uc804\uac1c\ud558\uc5ec \uc628\uac16 \uace0\ub09c\uacfc \ubc15\ud574\ub97c \uacac\ub38c \ub0b4\uba74\uc11c \uc774\ub545\uc5d0 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc744 \uc2ec\uace0 \ud0a4\uc6e0\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c\uad6d \uad50\ud68c\ub97c \uc774 \ubbfc\uc871\uc5d0 \uc721\ud654(\u8089\u5316)\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4\ub294 \ub9d0\uc774\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \ucd08\uae30\uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub2e8\uccb4\ub85c\uc11c \uc870\uc9c1\ub41c \uba85\ub3c4\ud68c(\u660e\u9053\u6703)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc81c\uc5c6\ub294 \uad50\ud68c\ub294 \uc720\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc804\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \ud2b9\ud788 \uad50\uc6b0\ucd0c \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \uc2e0\uc559\uc744 \uc9c0\ud0a4\uba74\uc11c \uad50\ud68c\ub97c \ubc1c\uc804\uc2dc\ucf1c \uc870\uc120\uad50\uad6c \uc124\uc815\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uac8c\ub054 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uad50\uad6c\uc124\uc815 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \ud0c8\uc0ac\ud68c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac1c\uc778 \uad6c\ub839\uc5d0 \uc911\uc810\uc744 \ub450\ub294 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\ub3c4\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098, \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc758 \ubbfc\uc871\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \uad50\ud68c\ub2f9\uad6d\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc640\ub294 \ub2ec\ub9ac \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\uc774 \uc804\uac1c\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc870\uc120\uad50\uad6c \uc2dc\ub300\uc758 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc740 \ub2e8\uccb4\uc131\uc744 \ub764 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc740 \uadf9\ud788 \ubbf8\uc57d\ud558\uae30 \uc9dd\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud788 \ub208\uc5d0 \ub744\ub294 \uac83\uc740 1934\ub144 8\uc6d4 15\uc77c \ud3c9\uc591\uad50\uad6c \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub300\ud45c 100\uc5ec\uba85\uc774 \uc11c\ud3ec \uad50\uad6c\ubcf8\ubd80\uc5d0 \ubaa8\uc5ec \ud3c9\uc591\uad50\uad6c \ud3c9\uc2e0\uc790\ub300\ud68c\ub97c \uc5f4\uace0 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc6b4\ub3d9 \uc5f0\ub9f9\uc744 \uc870\uc9c1\ud558\uc5ec \uad50\uad6c\uc7a5\uc758 \uc9c0\ub3c4 \ud558\uc5d0 \uc804\uac1c\ud588\ub358 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\ud55c\uad6d \ucc9c\uc8fc\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uccad\ub144\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c 1937\ub144 \ub300\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\uad6d \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uccad\ub144\ud68c \ucc3d\ub9bd\ucd1d\ud68c\ub97c \uac1c\ucd5c\ud574 \uadf8\ub4a4 \uadf8 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \uc804\uad6d\uc870\uc9c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\ub300\ud588\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uac19\uc740 \ud574 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \ubd80\uc778\ud68c\uc5f0\ud569\ud68c\uac00 \ucc3d\ub9bd\ub418\uc5c8\uace0 \uc774\ub7f0 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c 1938\ub144 \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \uc5ec\uc790\uccad\ub144\uc5f0\ud569\ud68c\uac00 \ubc1c\uc871\ud558\uc5ec \uc5ec\uc131\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ubc15\ucc28\ub97c \uac00\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. 8.15 \uad11\ubcf5 \uc774\ud6c4\ub294 1946\ub144\uc5d0 \uccad\ub144\uc5f0\ud569\ud68c\uc640 \uc5ec\uc790\uccad\ub144\uc5f0\ud569\ud68c\uac00 \ud3b8\uc131\ub410\uace0, 1947\ub144 11\uc6d4 \uc11c\uc6b8\uc5d0\uc11c \ud3c9\uc591\uad50\uc6b0\ub300\ud68c\ub97c \uac1c\ucd5c\ud588\uc5c8\ub2e4. 6.25\ub3d9\ub780\uacfc \uc544\uc6b8\ub7ec \ud734\uc804\uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \ud65c\ubc1c\ud588\uc73c\ub098 \ud2b9\uae30\ud560 \uac83\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \ub178\ub3d9\uccad\ub144\ud68c(J.O.C.)\uac00 \ucc3d\uc124\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc81c2\ucc28 \ubc14\ud2f0\uce78 \uacf5\uc758\ud68c \ub4a4 1968\ub144 \ub300\uc804\uc5d0\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \ud3c9\uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc911\uc559\ud611\uc758\ud68c\ub97c \uacb0\uc131\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\ub85c \ub9d0\ubbf8\uc554\uc544 \ud55c\uad6d \uad50\ud68c\ub3c4 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc758 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc744 \ucd09\uc9c4\ud558\ub294 \uacc4\uae30\uac00 \ub9c8\ub828\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc8fc\uad50\ud68c\uc758\ub294 \uadf8\ud574 10\uc6d4 \u2018\ud3c9\uc2e0\ub3c4\uc758 \ub0a0\u2019\uc744 \uc81c\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ubc15\ucc28\ub97c \uac00\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uac01 \ubcf8\ub2f9\uc5d0\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ud615\ud0dc\uc774\uae34 \ud558\ub098 \uc8fc\uc784\uc2e0\ubd80\ub97c \uc790\ubb38\ud558\ub294 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub2e8\uc758 \uc870\uc9c1\uc774 \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \ub610 \uac01 \uad50\uad6c\uc5d0\ub294 \uad50\uad6c \ud3c9\uc2e0\ub3c4\uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\ud611\uc758\ud68c\uac00 \uc870\uc9c1\ub418\uc5b4 \uad50\uad6c \uc218\uc900\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \ud65c\ubc1c\ud574\uc84c\ub2e4. \ud604\uc7ac \ub18d\ubbfc\ud68c, \ub178\ub3d9\uccad\ub144\ud68c, \uc2e4\uc5c5\uc778\ud68c, \uc5ec\uc131\uc5f0\ud569\ud68c, \uc758\uc0ac\ud68c, \uac04\ud638\ud611\ud68c, \ube48\uccb8\uc2dc\uc624\ud68c, \ub808\uc9c0\uc624 \ub9c8\ub9ac\uc560, \ud559\uc0dd\ud68c, \uafb8\ub974\uc2e4\ub8cc, \uc131\ub839\uc1c4\uc2e0\ubd09\uc0ac\ud68c, M.B.W., \uc800\ub110\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ud074\ub7fd, \ud559\uc0ac\ud68c, M.E., \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\ud559\uc220\uc6d0, \uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559\uc5f0\uad6c\ud68c, \ud06c\ub9ac\uc2a4\ucc9c \uc0ac\uc0c1\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c \ub4f1 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc2e0\ub3c4\ub2e8\uccb4\uac00 \ud65c\ubc1c\ud558\uac8c \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \uc804\uac1c\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
4. \uadfc\ub798 \uae09\uc9c4\uc801\uc778 \ud48d\uc870\uac00 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uad50\ud68c \ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0 \ubc1c\uc804\ud55c \uac83 \uac19\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc758 \uc774\ub984\uc73c\ub85c \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc758 \ud750\ub984\uc758 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc14\uafb8\uace0 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc2dc\ub300\ub97c \uc5f4\ub824\ub294 \ud589\ub3d9\uc5d0\uc758 \ucc38\uac00\ub97c \uc815\ub2f9\ud654\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc774\ub2e4. \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uc758 \uc591\uc2ec\uc5d0 \uc81c\uae30\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc758\ubb38\uc5d0\ub294 \ub108\ubb34\ub098 \uae34\uae09\ud558\uace0 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc801 \ucc38\uac00\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \uadf8 \uc801\uc751\uc758 \ub178\ub825\uc744 \uc0c8\ub86d\uac8c \ud558\uace0 \uac01\uc591\uac01\uc0c9\uc758 \ubb38\ud654\uc640 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ubc94\uc8fc\uac00 \ubd84\uc5f4\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ub2e4\uc6d0\uc801 \uc0ac\ud68c \ud55c\ubcf5\ud310\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50\uc801 \ud604\uc874\uc5d0 \ubd88\uac00\uacb0\ud55c \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc801 \ucc38\uac00\uc758 \uc591\uc2dd\uc744 \uc1c4\uc2e0\ud558\uace0 \ub2e4\uc591\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uae30\uad6c\uc758 \uac00\ub3d9\uc131\uacfc \uc720\uc5f0\uc131\uc744 \uc0b4\ub824\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. (\u21d2) \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\uc6b4\ub3d9 (\uf97a\u6f22\u6a21)<\/p>\n
[\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc] \uf97a\u97d3\u6a21, \u4fe1\u5f92\u8ad6, \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad\u51fa\u7248\u793e, \uc11c\uc6b8 1982 \/ Daniel Callahan, The mind of the catholic layman, Charles Scribner’s Sons New York 1963 \/ Yves Congar, O.P., Lay People in the Church, Geoffrey Chapman, London 1965 \/ Hubert Jedin, Editor, History of the Church, Vol. 1~10,Crossroad, New York 1981. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
1. \uac00\ud1a8\ub9ad \ud3c9\uc2e0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc9c1\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774\ub780, \uc138\ub840\uc640 \uacac\uc9c4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \ud30c\uacac\ub41c \ud558\ub290\ub2d8\uc758 \ubc31\uc131\uc778 \uc644\uc804\ud55c \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uc778\uc778 \uc2e0\ub3c4\uac00 \uc0ac\uc81c\uc774\uba70 \uc608\uc5b8\uc790\uc774\uba70 \uc655\uc778 \uc790\ub85c\uc11c \uadf8\uc758 \uc9c1\ubb34\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc704\uacc4\uc801 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\uc801\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc0ac\uba85 \uc804\uccb4\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \uc2e0\uc559\uc758 \uc2e4\ucc9c\uc774\uba70 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc758 \uc99d\uac70\ud65c\ub3d9\uc774\ub2e4. \ubc14\uafb8\uc5b4 \ub9d0\ud574\uc11c, \uc2e0\ub3c4\uac00 \uad50\ud68c \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uc640 \uc778\ub958\uc138\uacc4 \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uc758 … \uacc4\uc18d \uc77d\uae30