‘\uad50\uc548’\uc774\ub780 \uc720\uad50\uc801 \ub3d9\uc591 \uc804\ud1b5\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uac1c\ud56d\uc815\ucc45\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc11c\uad6c \uc5f4\uac15\uacfc\uc758 \uc678\uad50\uc801 \uad00\uacc4\uac00 \ub9fa\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ud6c4 \ubc18(\u53cd)\uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\ubd84\uc7c1\uc774 \uc678\uad50\uc801 \uc808\ucda9\uc744 \uac70\uccd0 \ud574\uacb0\ub41c \uc0ac\uc548(\u4e8b\u6848)\uc744 \ub73b\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
[\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc758 \ubc30\uacbd] 1876\ub144 \uac15\ud654\ub3c4\uc870\uc57d\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \ub3d9\uc591\uc758 \uc740\uc11c\uad6d\uc744 \uc790\ucc98\ud574 \uc624\ub358 \uc870\uc120\uc655\uad6d\uc774 \ub300\uc678 \uac1c\ubc29\uc758 \uac1c\ud56d\uc815\ucc45\uc744 \ucde8\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\ud558\uc5ec 1882\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \ud55c\ubbf8\uc218\ud638\ud1b5\uc0c1\uc870\uc57d(\u97d3\u7f8e\u4fee\u597d\u901a\u5546\u689d\u7d04)\uc744 \ub9fa\uace0 \uc11c\uad6c \uc5f4\uac15\uacfc \ud1b5\uad50\ucf00 \ub41c\ub2e4. \ud55c\ud3b8 1886\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc640\ub3c4 \ud55c\ubd88\uc218\ud638\ud1b5\uc0c1\uc870\uc57d(\u97d3\u4f5b\u4fee\u597d\u901a\u5546\u689d\u7d04)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uad6d\uad50\ub97c \uac16\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \ud55c\ubbf8 \uc870\uc57d\uc774 \uccb4\uacb0\ub41c \ud6c4 \uac15\ub82c\ud55c \uc1c4\uad6d \u00b7 \uc591\uc774\uc815\uc2e0\uc744 \ub2f4\uc740 \ucc99\ud654\ube44(\u65a5\u548c\u7891)\uac00 \uc804\uad6d \uac01 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ucca0\uac70\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uace7 \uc1c4\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1c\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c, \uc591\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\uc6a9\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \uad6d\ucc45\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \uc77c\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. 1886\ub144\uc5d0 \ub9fa\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ud55c\ubd88\uc870\uc57d\uc740 \uc678\uad6d\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uad6d\ub0b4\uc5ec\ud589\ud5c8\uac00\uc99d\uc774\ub77c \ud560 \ud638\uc870(\u8b77\u7167)\ub97c \ubc1c\uae09\ubc1b\uc544 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uac01\uc9c0\ub97c \uc5ec\ud589\ud560\uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uace0(\u7b2c4\u6b3e 2\u9805), \uad50\ud68c(\u654e\u8aa8)\ub77c\ub294 \uba85\ubaa9\uc73c\ub85c \uad6d\ub0b4 \uac01\uc9c0\uc11c \uc804\uad50 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc744 \ud3bc \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(\u7b2c9\u6b3e 2\u9805). \ube44\ub85d \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50 \uc2e0\uad50 \uc790\uc720\ub97c \uc815\ucc45\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc9c\uba85\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub098 \uc774\uc0c1\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 \uc870\uc120 \uc655\uad6d\uc758 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50\uc815\ucc45\uc774 \ubc15\ud574\uc5d0\uc11c \ubb35\uc778\uc73c\ub85c, \ud0c4\uc555\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc720\ub85c\uc758 \uc120\ud68c\ub97c \ub73b\ud558\ub294 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \ub300\ucc45\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uad6d\uac00\uc801 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \ubd88\ud22c\uba85\ud55c \uacfc\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \uc624\ub79c \ubc15\ud574\uc815\ucc45\uc758 \uc885\uc2dd\uc774 \uc9c4\ud589\ub418\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub098, 1\uc138\uae30 \uac04\uc5d0 \uac78\uce5c \ubc15\ud574\uc758 \uc758\uc2dd\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uccb4\uc9c8\ud654\ub418\ub2e4\uc2dc\ud53c \ud55c \uac83\uc774\uc5b4\uc11c \uc27d\uc0ac\ub9ac \ud574\uc18c\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub354\uc6b1\uc774 \ubc15\ud574\uc815\ucc45\uc758 \uc885\uc2dd\uc774 \uad6d\uac00 \uc815\ub839(\u570b\u5bb6\u653f\u4ee4)\uc73c\ub85c \uc120\uba85\ud558\uac8c \uad6d\ubbfc\uc55e\uc5d0 \uacf5\ud45c\ub41c \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5b4\uc11c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ubbfc\uc911\uc801 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ubc18 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50\uc801 \ubc15\ud574\uc640 \ubc30\uaca9\uc758 \ub3d9\ud5a5\uc740 \uc5ec\uc804\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uc758\ub3c4\uc640\ub294 \ub2ec\ub9ac \uac1c\uc778\uc774\ub098 \uc0ac\ud68c \uc9d1\ub2e8 \ub610\ub294 \uc9c0\ubc29 \uad00\ub8cc\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50 \ubc15\ud574 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4. \ud55c\ud3b8 \uc774\uc640 \ubc18\ub300\ub85c \uc644\ud654\ub418\ub294 \ud0c4\uc555\uc815\ucc45\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud574\ubc29\uac10\uc744 \ub290\ub07c\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \uc77c\ubd80 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uc2ac\uae30\ub86d\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \ud589\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uad50\ubbfc \uac04\uc5d0 \ubd84\uc7c1\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\uace0, \uce58\uc678\ubc95\uad8c(\u6cbb\u5916\u6cd5\u6b0a)\uc801 \uc874\uc7ac\uc774\ub358 \uc804\uad50\uc2e0\ubd80\ub098 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc758 \uc6d4\uad8c\uc801 \ud589\uc704\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \ubd84\uc7c1\uc744 \uc790\uc544\ub0b4\ub294 \uc77c\ub3c4 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50 \ubb38\uc81c\ub85c \ub9d0\ubbf8\uc554\uc544 \uac1c\ud56d \ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc790\uc8fc \ubd84\uc7c1\uc774 \uc57c\uae30\ub418\uc5b4 \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uac04\uc5d0 \uc6d0\ub9cc\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uacb0\ub418\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uace0 \uc678\uad50 \uc0ac\ub2e8(\u5916\u4ea4\u4e8b\u7aef)\uc73c\ub85c\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud655\ub300\ub41c \uc0ac\uac74\uc774 \uace7 \uad50\uc548\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
[\ubc1c\uc0dd \uc2dc\uae30] \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uad50\uc548\uc758 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\uae30\ub294 1886\ub144 \ud55c\ubd88\uc870\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \ud6c4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 1905\ub144 \uc744\uc0ac \uc870\uc57d(\u4e59\u5df3\u689d\u7d04)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uc870\uc120\uc655\uad6d\uc758 \uc678\uad50\uad8c\uc774 \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \ubc15\ud0c8\ub420 \ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc57d 20\ub144\uac04\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
[\uad50\uc548\uc758 \uc720\ud615] \ud55c\ub9d0\uc5d0 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub098\ub77c\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uad50\uc548\uc740 \ub300\uc0c1\uacfc \uc6d0\uc778\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc720\ud615\ud654\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uccab\uc9f8 \uc804\uad50\uc2e0\ubd80\ub098 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubd84\uc7c1, \ub458\uc9f8 \uad50\uc778\uacfc \ube44\uad50\uc778 \uac04\uc5d0 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \ubd84\uc7c1, \uc14b\uc9f8 \uc9c0\ubc29\uad00\ub8cc\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc57c\uae30\ub418\ub294 \ubd84\uc7c1, \ub137\uc9f8 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc9d1\ub2e8 \uc870\uc9c1\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc57c\uae30\ub418\ub294 \ubd84\uc7c1 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\ud615\uc9c0\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
1. \uc804\uad50\uc2e0\ubd80 \u00b7 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac \uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uad50\ub09c : \uc804\uad50\ud65c\ub3d9\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uac00 \uc2e4\ud604\ub428\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc804\uad50\uc2e0\ubd80\uc640 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uac01\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub098\uac00 \uacf5\uacf5\uc5f0\ud558\uac8c \uc804\uad50 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc744 \uc804\uac1c\ud568\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uac01 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc30\ucc99, \ud3ed\ud589, \ucd94\ubc29 \uc18c\ub3d9\uc774 \uc787\ub2ec\uc544 \uc774\uc5b4\ub098 \uad50\uc548\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\ub300\ub418\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \uc0dd\uaca8\ub0ac\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uad50\uc548\uc740, \u2460 \uac01\uc9c0\uc758 \ubbfc\uac04\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc744 \ucd95\ucd9c\ud558\uace0\uc790 \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a8 \uc9d1\ub2e8\ud3ed\ud589 \uc18c\ub3d9 \uc989, 1888\ub144 \uc6d0\uc0b0(\u5143\u5c71)\uc11c\uc758 \ub4dc\uac8c\ud2b8(Deguette) \uc2e0\ubd80 \ucd95\ucd9c\uc18c\ub3d9, 1890\ub144 \uc804\uc8fc(\u5168\u5dde)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ubcf4\ub450\ub124(Baudounet) \uc2e0\ubd80 \ucd95\ucd9c\uc18c\ub3d9, 1890\ub144 \uc548\ubcc0(\u5b89\u908a)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub9c8\ub77c\ubc1c(Maraval) \uc2e0\ubd80 \ucd95\ucd9c\uc18c\ub3d9, 1889\ub144 \ub300\uad6c(\u5927\u90b1)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub85c\ubca0\ub974(Robert) \uc2e0\ubd80 \ucd95\ucd9c\uc18c\ub3d9, 1890\ub144 \uace0\uc0b0(\u9ad8\u5c71)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc870\uc870(Jozeau) \uc2e0\ubd80 \ucd95\ucd9c\uc18c\ub3d9, 1892\ub144 \uc218\uc6d0(\u6c34\u539f)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ube4c\ub818(Wilhelm) \uc2e0\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud3ed\ud589\uc0ac\uac74, 1893\ub144 \uc591\uc591(\u8944\u967d)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ubd88\ub77c\ub450 (Bouladoux) \uc2e0\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud3ed\ud589\uc0ac\uac74, 1898\ub144 \ud68c\ub839(\u6703\uf95f)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ube0c\ub808(Bret) \uc2e0\ubd80 \ucd95\ucd9c\uc18c\ub3d9, 1898\ub144 \uc548\ubcc0(\u5b89\u908a)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ube0c\ub808 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc640 \uad50\ud68c \uc2b5\uaca9\uc0ac\uac74, 1889\ub144 \uac15\uacbd(\u6c5f\u666f)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ubca0\ub974\ubaa8\ub810(Vermorel) \uc2e0\ubd80\uc640 \uad50\ud68c \uc2b5\uaca9\uc0ac\uac74 \ub4f1. \u2461 \uc9c0\ubc29 \uc21c\uc2dc \ub3c4\uc0c1\uc758 \uc704\uae09\uc5d0 \ub300\ube44\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ubb34\uae30\ub97c \uc18c\uc9c0\ud588\ub358 \uc804\uad50\uc2e0\ubd80(\u50b3\u654e\u795e\u7236)\uc758 \ucd1d\uae30 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uad50\uc548, \uc989 1895\ub144 \uc6d0\uc0b0(\u5143\u5c71)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ube0c\ub808 \uc2e0\ubd80 \ubc1c\ud3ec\uc0ac\uac74, 1897\ub144 \uce60\uace1(\u6f06\u8c37)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ud30c\uc774\uc544\uc2a4(Pailhasse) \uc2e0\ubd80\ucd1d\uae30\uc0ac\uac74 \ub4f1. \u2462 \uccad\uad6d\uc758 \uc7a5\uac15\uad50\uc548(\u9577\u6c5f\u654e\u6848)\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc131\uaca9\uc758 ‘\uc591\uc778\uc2dd\uc601\uc544\uc721\uc74c\uc601\uc544\ud608\uc694\uc5b8'(\u6d0b\u4eba\u98df-\u5152\u6211\u8089\u98ee-\u5152\u8840\u8b20\u8a00)\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uad50\uc548[1888\ub144 \uc11c\uc6b8 \ub4f1\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\uad50\uc2e0\ubd80\ub4e4\uc774 \uc5b4\ub9b0\uc774\uc758 \ud53c\ub97c \ub9c8\uc2dc\uace0 \uace0\uae30\ub97c \uc539\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \ud5c8\ubb34\ub9f9\ub791\ud55c \uc720\uc5b8\ube44\uc5b4\ub85c \uc0dd\uaca8\ub0ac\ub358 \uad50\uc548]. \u2463 \uad50\uc778(\u654e\u4eba)\uacfc \ube44\uad50\uc778(\u975e\u654e\u4eba)\uc758 \ub2e4\ud23c\uc5d0 \uc804\uad50\uc2e0\ubd80\ub098 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\uac00 \uac1c\uc785\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub09c \uad50\uc548[1897\ub144 \uc9c4\uc8fc(\u664b\u5dde)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc6b0\ub3c4(Oudot) \uc2e0\ubd80, \uc7a5\uc131(\u9577\u57ce)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub4dc\uc560(Deshayes) \uc2e0\ubd80, 1899\ub144 \ubca0\ub974\ubaa8\ub810 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc758 \uac15\uacbd\ud3ec \uae30\ub1e8\uc0ac\uac74(\u6c5f\u666f\u6d66\u8d77\u5c3f\u4e8b\u4ef6), 1899\ub144\uc758 \uc778\ucc9c(\u4ec1\u5ddd)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub9c8\ub77c\ubc1c \uc2e0\ubd80, 1901\ub144\uc758 \uc804\uc8fc(\u5168\u5dde)\uc758 \ubcf4\ub450\ub124 \uc2e0\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc804\uc8fc\uc591\uad00(\u6d0b\u9928)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc81c\ubc18\ubb38\uc81c, \uc6d0\uc8fc(\u539f\u5dde) \ub4a4\ud14c\ub974\ud2b8\ub974(Dutertre) \uc2e0\ubd80\uc758 \uad00\ucc30\ubd80(\u89c0\u5bdf\u5e9c) \ub0a9\uc785\ubb38\uc81c, \uc784\ucc9c(\uf9f4\u5ddd) \uacf5\ubca0\ub974(Gombert) \uc2e0\ubd80\uc758 \uad00\ubc29(\u5b98\u623f) \ub09c\uc785(\uf91b\u5165)\ubb38\uc81c, 1903\ub144 \ud669\ud574\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c4 ‘\ud574\uc11c\uad50\uc548'(\u6d77\u897f\u4ea4\u6848) \ub4f1\uc774 \ub300\ud45c\uc801 \uc0ac\ub840\uc784].<\/p>\n
\uc774\ub4e4 \uad50\uc548\uc740 \u326e \uac01\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ube44\uad50\uc778\ub4e4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ubc15\ud574\ub97c \ubc1b\uace0 \uadf8 \ubd80\ub2f9 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \uc9c0\ubc29\uad00(\u5730\u65b9\u5b98)\uc774 \ube44\ud638\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\ub2c8 \uc804\uad50\uc2e0\ubd80\ub098 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \uc678\uad50\uc801 \ud2b9\uad8c\uc744 \ubc1c\ub3d9\ud558\uc5ec \uad50\uc778\uc744 \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uac04\uc12d\ud558\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uc778\ub3c4\uc801 \uc885\uad50\uc801 \uac1c\uc785\uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub418\uace0, \u326f \uc9c0\ubc29\uad00\uc758 \ubc95\ub960\ud589\uc704\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\uace0 \ud0d0\ud559\uc774 \uc2ec\ud558\uc5ec \uc5f0\uc57d\ud55c \uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ud54d\ubc15\uc744 \ubc1b\uac8c \ub418\ub2c8 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubd88\ubc95\ucc98\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc804\uad50\uc2e0\ubd80\uc640 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\uac00 \uac04\uc12d\ucf00 \ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uac1c\uc785\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uad50\uc548\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
2. \uad50(\u654e) \u00b7 \ubbfc(\u6c11)\uc758 \ub2e4\ud23c\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uad50\uc548 : \ud55c\ubd88\uc870\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \uad6d\uac00\uc801 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ubc15\ud574\uc815\ucc45\uc740 \ud6c4\ud1f4\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \ucc99\uc0ac\uc704(\u65a5\u90aa\u885b\u6b63)\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc804\ud1b5\uc740 \uc77c\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. \uc774\ub9ac\ud558\uc5ec \uae08\uc555\uacfc \ubc15\ud574\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc720\uc640 \ud574\ubc29\uc744 \ub204\ub9ac\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uad50\ud68c\uc640 \uad50\uc778 \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \ucc99\uc0ac(\u65a5\u90aa)\uc640 \ubc30\uc81c(\u6392\u9664)\ub97c \uace0\uc9d1\ud558\ub294 \ubbfc\uc778(\u6c11\u4eba)\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc790\uc8fc \ub300\ub9bd \u00b7 \ud3ed\ud589 \u00b7 \uc18c\uc1a1 \u00b7 \ud30c\uc7c1\uc774 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c0\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc2f8\uc6c0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc57d\uc138\uc5d0 \ubab0\ub9ac\uac70\ub098 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ucc98\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc1b\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\ub098 \ubbf8\uad6d \uc120\uad50\uc0ac \ub610\ub294 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \uacf5\uc0ac\uad00\uc774\ub098 \ubbf8\uad6d \uacf5\uc0ac\uad00\uc5d0 \ud638\uc18c\ud558\uc5ec \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc744 \uccad\ud558\uac8c \ub420 \ub54c \uadf8 \uc0ac\uac74\uc774 \uad50\uc548\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\ub300\ub418\uace4 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uad50 \u00b7 \ubbfc \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \ub2e4\ud23c\uc774 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c0\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uc6d0\uc778\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc7a1\ub2e4\ud558\ub2e4. \u2460 \uc678\uad6d\uc778\uacfc \ud1b5\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc678\uad6d \uc885\uad50\ub97c \ubbff\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2dc\ube44, \u2461 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uad8c\uc744 \ub458\ub7ec\uc2fc \uc2dc\ube44[\uc804\ub2f5 \u00b7 \uac00\uc625 \u00b7 \uc0b0\ub9bc \u00b7 \uae08\uc804\uc758 \ub291\ud0c8\uc774\ub098 \ub9e4\ub9e4\ub97c \ub458\ub7ec\uc2fc \uc2dc\ube44], \u2462 \ucd08\uc9c0 \uc0b0\ub9bc(\u8349\u5730\u5c71\u6797)\uc758 \ubb34\ub2e8 \uac1c\uac04\uc774\ub098 \ubc8c\ucc44\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc2dc\ube44, \u2463 \ucc44\ubb34\uad00\uacc4\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc2dc\ube44, \u2464 \ubd84\ubb18\ub97c \ub458\ub7ec\uc2f8\uace0 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \uc2dc\ube44[\u5893\u57df \u00b7 \u5bc6\u846c \u00b7 \u6398\u585a \u00b7 \u79fb\u585a\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c], \u2465 \uc5ec\uc131\ubb38\uc81c\ub85c\uc758 \uc2dc\ube44[\uac04\ud1b5 \u00b7 \uc5ec\uc790\ub9e4\ub9e4 \u00b7 \u5a62\u5973 \ub4f1\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c] \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
3. \uc9c0\ubc29\uad00\ub8cc \uc791\ud3d0\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uad50\uc548 : \ud55c\ubd88\uc870\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\uad50\ud65c\ub3d9\uc774 \uc870\uc57d\ud654(\u689d\u7d04\u5316)\ud558\uc600\uace0 \ubc15\ud574\uc815\ucc45\uc774 \ud6c4\ud1f4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \uc815\ucc45\uc801 \uc804\ud658\uc774 \uc815\ub839\uc774\ub098 \uc804\uad50\ub85c \uc138\uc0c1\uc5d0 \uacf5\ud3ec\ub41c \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\uae30\uc5d0 \uc77c\ubd80 \ubcf4\uc218 \u00b7 \ucc99\uc0ac\uc801 \uc815\uc2e0\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc9c0\ubc29\uad00\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc740 \uc911\uc559\uc815\ubd80\uc758 \ub73b\uacfc\ub294 \ub2ec\ub9ac \uc790\uae30 \uc9c1\uad8c\uc73c\ub85c \uad50\ud68c\uc640 \uad50\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ubc15\ud574\ub97c \uac00\ud558\ub294 \uc608\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4 \uad50\uc548\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c\ub2e4. 1887\ub144\uacfc 1890\ub144 \uacbd\uae30\ub3c4 \uad00\ud558 \uc81c\uc74d(\u8af8\u9091)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc678\uad6d\uc778\uacfc \uad00\uacc4 \uc788\ub294 \ub0b4\uad6d\uc778 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \ubb38\uc81c\uc778\ubb3c\ub4e4\uc744 \uc77c\uad04 \uc870\uc0ac\ud558\uc5ec \ubcf4\uace0\ud558\ub77c\ub294 \uad00\ucc30\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc\uac00 \ud558\ub2ec\ub418\uc5b4 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc0dd\uacbc\uc5c8\ub2e4. 1892\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \uc804\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 ‘\uad00\ub0b4 \uc0ac\ud559\uc9c0\ub958'(\u7ba1\u5167\u90aa\u5b78\u4e4b\u985e) \uc989 \ucc9c\uc8fc\uad50\ub3c4\uc640 \uc57c\uc18c\uad50\ub3c4(\u8036\u8607\u654e\u5f92)\uc758 \uba85\ubd80\ub97c \uc791\uc131 \ubcf4\uace0\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc5ec\ub7ec \uace0\uc744\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\uc5d0 \uad50\ud68c\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \uc804\uba74 \uac70\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \ub098\uc11c\uc790 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \ud655\ub300\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud55c\ud3b8 \uc9c0\ubc29\uad00\ub8cc \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc790\ud0c1\uad50\uc778(\u85c9\u6258\u654e\u4eba)\uc758 \ud589\ud328\ub97c \ub0b4\uc138\uc6cc \uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc744 \ube44\ubc29\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uad50\ud68c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc15\ud574\ub97c \uc9c0\uc2dc \ub610\ub294 \uacc4\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4 \ubb38\uc81c\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4[1891\ub144 \uae30\uc7a5 \ud604\uac10\uc758 \u5916\u6d0b\u4eba\u8ab9\u8b17\u544a\u793a\u6587, 1892\ub144 \u4f0a\u5ddd \ubd80\uc0ac\uc758 \u897f\u5b78\u7981\u65b7\u544a\u793a, 1896\ub144 \ud0dc\uc778\uad70\uc218\uc758 \u897f\u654e\u4eba\u61f2\u6cbb\u63ed\u793a, 1899\ub144 \uc9c4\uc0b0\uad70\uc218\uc758 \u897f\u654e\u4eba\u5883\u5916\u9010\u51fa\u6307\u793a, 1904\ub144 \uc7a5\uc131\uad70\uc218\uc758 \u897f\u654e\u4eba\u72af\u6cd5\u8005\u56b4\u7f70\u544a\u793a \ub4f1. \uc774\ub4e4 \uc9c0\ubc29 \uad00\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc758 \ube44\ud589\uc744 \uacc4\uae30\ub85c \ub610\ub294 \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \ube59\uc790\ud558\uc5ec \ubcf4\uc218\uc801 \ucc99\uc0ac\uc815\ucc45\uc744 \ud3b4\ub2c8 \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \uad50\uc548\uc73c\ub85c\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud655\ub300\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c].<\/p>\n
4. \uc0ac\ud68c\uc870\uc9c1\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc57c\uae30\ub418\ub294 \uad50\uc548 : \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uad50\uc548\uc740 \uc8fc\ub85c \uac1c\uc778\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc57c\uae30\ub418\uac70\ub098 \ub610\ub294 \uc774\uc5d0 \ubd80\ud654\ub1cc\ub3d9\ud558\ub294 \uad70\uc911\ub4e4\uc758 \uc2dc\uc704\ub098 \ub09c\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\uac1c\ub41c \uc0ac\uac74\ub4e4\uc774 \uad50\uc548\uc73c\ub85c\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud655\ub300\ub41c \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc640\ub294 \ub2ec\ub9ac \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \ubaa9\uc801\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc870\uc9c1\ub41c \uc0ac\ud68c\ub2e8\uccb4\uac00 \uc758\uc2dd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub048 \uad50\uc778\uc774\ub098 \uad50\ud68c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc15\ud574\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc57c\uae30\ub418\ub294 \uad50\uc548\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub3d9\ud559(\u6771\u5b78) \u00b7 \ud669\uad6d\ud611\ud68c(\u7687\u570b\u5354\u6703) \u00b7 \uc0c1\ubb34\uc0ac (\u5546\u52d9\u793e) \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc77c\uc9c4\ud68c(\u4e00\u9032\u6703) \ub4f1\uc774 \ubc8c\uc778 \uc18c\ub780\uc73c\ub85c \uc57c\uae30\ub418\ub294 \uad50\uc548\uc774 \uadf8 \uc608\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u2460 \ub3d9\ud559\uc740 \uad50\uc870(\u654e\u7956) \ucd5c\uc81c\uc6b0(\u5d14\u6fdf\u611a)\uc758 \ud3ec\ub355\ubb38(\u5e03\u5fb7\u6587)\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\ub294\ub370 \ubc18\uc11c\uad50\uc801(\u53cd\u897f\u654e\u7684) \uc758\uc2dd\uc774 \ub69c\ub837\ud55c \uc885\uad50\uad50\ub2e8\uc774\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 1894\ub144 \ub3d9\ud559\ub18d\ubbfc\uc804\uc7c1(\u6771\u5b78\u8fb2\u6c11\u6230\u722d)\uc774 \uc804\uac1c\ub418\uba74\uc11c \ubc18\uce68\ub7b5(\u53cd\u4fb5\u7565) \ubc18\ubd09\uac74(\u53cd\u5c01\u5efa)\uc758 \uc131\uaca9\uc744 \ub69c\ub837\uc774 \ud558\uac8c \ub418\uba74\uc11c \ub3d9\ud559\uc758 \ubc18\uc11c\uad50\uc801 \uc758\uc2dd\uc740 \uc11c\uad50\uc778 \uc989 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4 \uad50\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc0dd(\u751f)\uc744 \uc774 \ub545\uc5d0 \ubc1b\uace0 \ub610\ud55c \uc774\ub545\uc5d0 \uc0b4\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc591\uc774(\u6d0b\u5937)\ub97c \ub530\ub974\ub294 \uc790\ub85c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \ubc15\ud574\ub97c \uac00\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ub3d9\ud559\ub18d\ubbfc\uc804\uc7c1\uc774 \uc804\uac1c\ub41c \uc0bc\ub0a8\uc9c0\ubc29 \uac01\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc804\uad50 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\ub098 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud3ed\ud589\uacfc \uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubd88\ubc95\uc801\uc778 \uac00\ud574\ud589\uc704\uac00 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc838 \uad50\uc548\ud654(\u654e\u6848\u5316)\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc804\uc8fc(\u5168\u5dde) \u00b7 \ub178\uc131(\uf939\u57ce) \u00b7 \ub355\uc0b0(\u5fb7\u5c71) \ub545\uc5d0\uc11c \uc11c\uc591\uc778 \uac70\uad00(\u5de8\u9928)\uc774 \ud30c\uad34 \uc57d\ud0c8\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc870\uc870 \uc2e0\ubd80\uac00 \uacf5\uc8fc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0b4\ud574\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud55c\ud3b8 \uac01\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9ce\uc740 \uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ud3ed\ud589\ub2f9\ud558\uace0 \uc7ac\ubb3c\uc744 \uc57d\ud0c8\ub2f9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u2461 \uc720\uad50\uc801 \uc608\ub3c4(\uf9b6\u9053)\ub97c \ud5a5\ucd0c(\u9115\u6751) \uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc815\ucc29\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ud55c\ud3b8 \uc720\uad50\uc801 \ud5a5\ucd0c\uc9c8\uc11c \uc720\uc9c0\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \ud5a5\ucd0c \uc790\uce58\uaddc\uc57d\uc778 \ud5a5\uc57d(\u9115\u7d04)\ub3c4 \uad50\uc548\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\ub300\ub418\ub294 \ubb3c\uc758\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ucf30\ub2e4. \ud5a5\ucd0c\uc0ac\ud68c\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4 \uc2e0\uc559\uc774 \ucc28\ucc28 \uce68\ud22c\ud574 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc624\uc790, \uc774\uc5d0 \ubc18\ubc1c\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\ud558\uc5ec \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50\uc778\uc744 \ub3d9\ub124\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd94\ubc29\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc9d5\ubc8c\uc744 \uac00\ud558\ub294 \ud5a5\uc57d\uc870\ud56d\uc744 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc774 \ub0b4\uc6a9\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \uc2e4\ucc9c\uc5d0 \uc62e\uae30\uc790 \uad50\ud68c\uc640 \ucda9\ub3cc\uc774 \uc0dd\uaca8\ub098\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. 1899\ub144 \uc548\ubcc0\ub3d9\uc2ec\uacc4\uc6d0(\u5b89\u908a\u540c\u5fc3\u5951\u54e1)\uc758 \uad50\uc778 \ucd95\ucd9c\uc18c\ub3d9, 1901\ub144 \uc0c1\uc8fc\ud5a5\uc57d\ub3d9\uc2ec\uacc4(\u5c19\u5dde\u9115\u7d04\u540c\u5fc3\u5951)\uc758 \ucc9c\uc8fc\uad50\ub3c4 \ucd94\ubc29 \uacb0\uc758, \uc7a5\uc131\ud5a5\uc57d(\u9577\u57ce\u9115\u7d04)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc11c\uad50\uc778 \uc791\ud3d0\uc790\uc758 \uc9d5\uce58 \uacb0\uc758 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub09c \uad50\uc548\uc774 \uadf8 \uc608\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u2462 \uc0c1\ubb34\uc0ac\uc640 \ud669\uad6d\ud611\ud68c\uc758 \ud589\ud328\ub85c \uad50\uc548\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub09c \uc608\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubcf4\ubd80\uc0c1(\u8913\u8ca0\u5546)\ub4e4\uc774 \uc0c1\ubd80\uc0c1\uc870\uc640 \uacf5\ub3d9\uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ub3d9\uc5c5\uc870\ud569 \uc870\uc9c1\uc778 \uc0c1\ubb34\uc0ac\ub098 \ud669\uad6d\ud611\ud68c\ub294 \ubcf4\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uc131\ud5a5\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc870\uc9c1\uc774\uc5b4\uc11c \ub54c\ub85c\ub294 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uad50\ud68c\ub09c \uad50\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ud14c\ub7ec\ub97c \uac10\ud589\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. 1903\ub144 \ud669\ud574\ub3c4\uc758 \ud574\uc11c\uad50\uc548(\u6d77\u897f\u654e\u6848)\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\ub3c4 \uc815\ubd80\uac00 \ud30c\uacac\ud55c \uc548\ud575\uc0ac(\u6309-\u4f7f) \uc774\uc751\uc775(\uf9e1\u61c9\u7ffc)\uc774 \ubcf4\ubd80\uc0c1\uc744 \ub3d9\uc6d0\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ud655\ub300\ub418\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc55e\uc11c 1898\ub144\uc5d0 \ud669\uad6d\ud611\ud68c\uc758 \uae38\uc601\uc218(\u5409\u6c38\u6d19), \ubc15\uc720\uc885(\u6734\u6709\u937e), \ud64d\uc885\uc6b0(\u6d2a\u937e\u5b87) \ub4f1\uc740 \uc5f0\uba85\uc73c\ub85c \ucc9c\uc8fc\uad50\uc640 \uac1c\uc2e0\uad50\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc11c\ud55c\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0b4\uc5b4 \uad50\ud68c\ub97c \ube44\ub09c\ud558\uace0 \ud14c\ub7ec\ub97c \uac10\ud589\ud558\uaca0\ub2e4\uace0 \ud611\ubc15\ud55c \uc77c\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u2463 1905~1906\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \uce5c\uc77c \ub9e4\uad6d\ub2e8\uccb4\uc778 \uc77c\uc9c4\ud68c\uc758 \ud68c\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc774 \uc804\ub77c\ub3c4 \uac01\uc9c0\uc640 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc12c\uc5d0\uc11c \uad50\ud68c\uc640 \uad50\uc778\uc744\uacf5\uaca9 \ud3ed\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uad50\uc548\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4. \uc8fc\ub85c \uc9c0\ub3c4(\u667a\u5cf6), \uae30\uc7ac\ub3c4(\u7b95\u5728\u5cf6), \uc9c4\ub3c4(\u73cd\u5cf6), \uc644\ub3c4(\u839e\u5cf6), \uc870\ub3c4(\u9ce5\u5cf6), \uc18c\uc548\ub3c4(\u6240\u5b89\u5cf6)\ub098 \uc601\uc554(\uf9b3\u5ca9)\uacfc \ubaa9\ud3ec(\u6728\u6d66) \ub4f1 \uac01\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud589\ud328\uac00 \uc790\ubabb \uc2ec\ud574 \uad50\ud68c\uac00 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \uacf5\uc0ac\uad00\uc758 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc744 \ube4c\uc5b4\uc11c\uc57c \uc9c4\uc555\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\ub05d\uc73c\ub85c 1901\ub144 \uc81c\uc8fc\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub358 \uc2e0\ucd95\uad50\ub09c(\u8f9b\u4e11\u654e\u96e3)\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub098\ub77c \ucd5c\ub300\uc758 \uad50\uc548\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uad50 \u00b7 \ubbfc\uc774 1\uc8fc\uac04\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \uc804\ud22c\ub97c \ubc8c\uc778 \ub05d\uc5d0 \uc81c\uc8fc\uc131\uc774 \ud568\ub77d\ub418\uba74\uc11c \uc81c\uc8fc\uc2dc\uc758 \uad00\ub355\uc815(\u89c0\u5fb7\u4ead) \uc55e \uad11\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc2dc\uc5d0 700\uba85\uc758 \uc0dd\uba85\uc774 \ud76c\uc0dd\ub41c \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8\uc758 \uad50\ub09c\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
[\uad50\uc548\uc758 \ucc98\ub9ac] \uad50 \u00b7 \ubbfc\uac04\uc758 \ub300\ub9bd \ubd84\uc7c1, \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\ub098 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc704\ud574(\u5371\u5bb3)\ub098 \ud65c\ub3d9 \ubc29\ud574, \uc9c0\ubc29\uad00\ub8cc\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ucc98\ub9ac\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \ubd84\uc7c1\uc774\ub098 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc870\uc9c1\uc744 \ub3d9\uc6d0\ud55c \ubc15\ud574\uac00 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\uc744 \ub54c \ud604\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uba74 \uac01\uc9c0\uc758 \uc804\uad50\uc2e0\ubd80\uc640 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc740 \uc8fc\uad50\ub098 \uc120\uad50\ubcf8\ubd80\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uace0\ud558\ub294 \ud55c\ud3b8 \ub300\ucc45\uac15\uad6c\ub97c \uc694\uccad\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc8fc\uad50\uad00\uc774\ub098 \uc120\uad50 \ubcf8\ubd80\ub294 \uadf8 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc8fc(\u99d0)\uc870\uc120 \uc678\uad6d\uacf5\uc0ac\uad00\uc5d0 \uc678\uad50\uc801 \uc808\ucda9\uc744 \ubd80\ud0c1\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uace0, \uadf8\ub4e4 \uc678\uad6d\uacf5\uad00\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc678\ubd80(\u5916\u90e8)\uc5d0 \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\uace0\ud558\uc5ec \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0\uc744 \uc808\ucda9\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc678\ubd80\ub294 \uadf8 \uc694\uad6c\uac00 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud55c\uac00\ub97c \uac80\ud1a0\ud55c \ud6c4 \uc870\uc120 \uc815\ubd80\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80(\u5167\u90e8)\uc5d0 \ub300\ucc45\uc744 \uac15\uad6c\ud1a0\ub85d \uacf5\ubb38\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0b8\ub2e4. \ub0b4\ubd80\uac00 \ud604\uc9c0 \uad00\ub8cc\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uc2dc\ub97c \ub0b4\ub824 \uc120\ucc98\ud558\uae30\ub97c \uba85\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4 \ubb38\uc81c\uc758 \uacb0\ub9d0\uc744 \ubcf4\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uac01\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \ub300\uc18c(\u5927\u5c0f)\uc758 \uad50\uc548\uc740 \ud604\uc9c0 \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc11c\uc591 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\ub098 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\uc640 \ud604\uc9c0 \uad00\ub8cc\uc758 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801 \uc808\ucda9\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uacb0\ub418\ub294 \ub54c\ub3c4 \uc788\uc73c\ub098 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\ub098 \ubbf8\uad6d \uacf5\uc0ac\uc640 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc678\ubd80\uc758 \uc678\uad50\uc801 \uc808\ucda9\uc774 \uc788\uc740 \ud6c4\uc5d0 \uadc0\uacb0\ub418\ub294 \uc608\uac00 \ud5c8\ub2e4\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \uc790\uc8fc \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uad50\uc548\uc774 \uccad\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uad00\uacc4\uad6d \ubcd1\ub825\uc758 \ub3d9\uc6d0\uacfc \uc81c\uad6d\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \uce68\ub7b5\uc73c\ub85c \uc545\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ud604\ub300\uc0ac\uc758 \uc804\uac1c\ub85c\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud655\ub300\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uac83\uc774 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub098\ub77c \uad50\uc548\uc758 \ud2b9\uc0c9\uc774\ub2e4. \uc790\uc8fc \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uad50\uc548\uc744 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uacb0\uc9d3\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uad50\ud68c\uc640 \uc815\ubd80\uc758 \ub178\ub825\uc73c\ub85c 1899\ub144 \uad50\ubbfc\uc870\uc57d(\u654e\u6c11\u689d\u7d04)\uc774 \uccb4\uacb0\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc0c1\ud638\uac04\uc758 \uc6d4\uad8c\uc801 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \uc0bc\uac00\uace0 \uc815(\u653f) \u00b7 \uad50(\u654e) \ubd84\ub9ac\uc815\uc2e0\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uacf5\ud3c9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc804\uc870\uce58\ub85c \uc57d\uc18d\ud55c \uc804\ubb38(\u5168\u6587) 9\uc870\uc758 \uc774 \uad50\ubbfc\uc870\uc57d\uc740 \uc11c\uad6c \uadfc\ub300\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uad50\ud669\uccad\uacfc \uac01\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \ucf69\ucf54\ub974\ub2e4\ud23c(concordatum)\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc131\uaca9\uc758 \uc57d\uc815(\u7d04\u5b9a)\uc774\ub2e4. \uc11c\uc591\uc758 \uadf8\uac83\uacfc \ub2ec\ub9ac \uc870\uc120 \ucc9c\uc8fc\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \ucd5c\uace0 \ucc45\uc784\uc790\uc778 \ubb88\ud154(Mutel, \u9594\u5fb7\u5b5d) \uc8fc\uad50\uc640 \ub300\ud55c\uc81c\uad6d\uc758 \uc9c0\ubc29\uad6d\uc7a5(\u5730\u65b9\u5c40\u9577) \uc815\uc900\uc2dc(\u912d\u99ff\u6642) \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uccb4\uacb0\ub41c \uc57d\uc815\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uad50\ubbfc\uc870\uc57d\uc774 \uccb4\uacb0\ub41c \ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uad50\uc548\uc740 \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c 1904\ub144 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \uacf5\uc0ac\uc640 \ub300\ud55c\uc81c\uad6d \uc678\ubd80\ub300\uc2e0 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc804\ubb38 8\uc870\ub85c \ub41c \uad50\ubbfc\ubc94\ubc95\ub2e8\uc18d\uc758\uace0(\u654e\u6c11\u72af\u6cd5\u5718\u675f\u64ec\u7a3f)\ub77c\ub294 \uc870\uc57d \ucd08\uc548\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uad50\uc12d\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc120\uad50\uc870\uc57d(\u5ba3\u654e\u689d\u7d04) \uccb4\uacb0\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc774 \uad50\uc12d\uc740 1905\ub144\uc758 \uc744\uc0ac\uc870\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\ud55c\uc81c\uad6d\uc774 \uc678\uad50\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5d0 \ubc15\ud0c8\ub2f9\ud558\uc790 \uacb0\ub9d0\uc744 \uc5bb\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. 1906\ub144 1\uc6d4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c\uc81c\uad6d \uc678\ubd80\uac00 \ud3d0\uc9c0\ub418\uace0 \uc8fc\ud55c \uac01\uad6d \uc0ac\uc808\uc774 \ubcf8\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c \ucca0\uc218\ud558\uace0 \uc77c\ubcf8\uc815\ubd80\uac00 \uc678\uad50\uad8c\uc744 \uc7a5\uc545\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc790 \uc804\uad50 \uc131\uc9c1\uc790\ub098 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub3c4 \uad50\ubbfc\uc758 \ub2e4\ud23c\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac(\u5728)\uc870\uc120 \uc678\uad6d\uc0ac\uc808\uc774 \uac1c\uc785\ub418\uc5b4 \uc678\uad50\uc801 \uc808\ucda9\uc744 \uac00\uc838 \uad50\uc548\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\ub300\ub418\ub294 \uc77c\uc740 \uc790\ucde8\ub97c \uac10\ucd94\uc5c8\ub2e4. (\uf9e1\u5143\u6df3)<\/p>\n
[\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc] \uf9e1\u5143\u6df3, \u671d\u9bae\u672b\u671f \u793e\u6703\uc758 \u5c0d\u897f\u654e\u554f\u984c\u784f\u7a76-\u654e\uc744 \u4e2d\u5fc3\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c-, \uf98c\u53f2\u654e\u80b2, \uc81c15\uc9d1, \uf98c\u53f2\u654e\u80b2\u784f\u7a76\u6703, 1973 \/ \u5d14\u596d\u7950, \u97d3\u570b\u5929\u4e3b\u654e\u6703\uc758 \uf98c\u53f2, \u97d3\u570b\u654e\u6703\u53f2\u784f\u7a76\u6240, 1982. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
‘\uad50\uc548’\uc774\ub780 \uc720\uad50\uc801 \ub3d9\uc591 \uc804\ud1b5\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uac1c\ud56d\uc815\ucc45\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc11c\uad6c \uc5f4\uac15\uacfc\uc758 \uc678\uad50\uc801 \uad00\uacc4\uac00 \ub9fa\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ud6c4 \ubc18(\u53cd)\uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uad50\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\ubd84\uc7c1\uc774 \uc678\uad50\uc801 \uc808\ucda9\uc744 \uac70\uccd0 \ud574\uacb0\ub41c \uc0ac\uc548(\u4e8b\u6848)\uc744 \ub73b\ud55c\ub2e4. [\ubc1c\uc0dd\uc758 \ubc30\uacbd] 1876\ub144 \uac15\ud654\ub3c4\uc870\uc57d\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \ub3d9\uc591\uc758 \uc740\uc11c\uad6d\uc744 \uc790\ucc98\ud574 \uc624\ub358 \uc870\uc120\uc655\uad6d\uc774 \ub300\uc678 \uac1c\ubc29\uc758 \uac1c\ud56d\uc815\ucc45\uc744 \ucde8\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\ud558\uc5ec 1882\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \ud55c\ubbf8\uc218\ud638\ud1b5\uc0c1\uc870\uc57d(\u97d3\u7f8e\u4fee\u597d\u901a\u5546\u689d\u7d04)\uc744 \ub9fa\uace0 … \uacc4\uc18d \uc77d\uae30